tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-69012789494072236352024-03-08T12:32:15.704-08:00Cheap essay writing serviceHigh School Expository Research Paper Topicshenriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.comBlogger31125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-43008078718617074102020-08-25T03:05:00.001-07:002020-08-25T03:05:10.995-07:00Apple Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 7Apple - Essay Example Apple adheres to the best expectations of social obligation and moral direct and furthermore needs their providers to do likewise. The business lead of Apple states four essential practices: Honesty, Respect, Confidentiality and Compliance. All professional interactions ought to be led with genuineness and morals. All the associates in the whole administration ought to be treated with deference. Private data about the organization and its clients must be secured. All the business choices should consent to relevant laws and guidelines. Apple rehearses best expectations of morals in the entirety of its undertakings. The representatives must not include in any sorts of debasement, pay off, blackmail so as to get any favorable position. All their business exercises ought to be recorded in subtleties and be revealed with no modifications. Mysterious grumble the executives component ought to be actualized to assist laborers with detailing about work environment complaints. All licensed inn ovation rights and secrecy of client data ought to be regarded. The providers of Apple are required to make safe workplace for the laborers, approach them with deference and respect and utilize ecological benevolent practices, any place Apple item are made or their administrations are given. To survey the consistence to these sets of principles, Apple performs shock reviews to the provider units and the provider is found to disregard the measures, it will imperil the business relationship. As per the Supplier Code of Conduct, the provider ought not separate any laborer on the grounds old enough, handicap, sex, race, religion, sexual direction, and so forth. The work spot ought to be liberated from a wide range of disturbances and dangers. Providers must guarantee that all the laborers are chipping away at their own through and through freedom. There will be no under matured work in the industrial facilities or in any procedure of the activity. Legitimate adolescent specialists ought not be given errands that can put their wellbeing henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-18032522707965716202020-08-22T03:03:00.001-07:002020-08-22T03:03:24.224-07:00Effect of Using Facebook as a Teaching Tool on 7th Grade ESL Students EssayImpact of Using Facebook as a Teaching Tool on seventh Grade ESL Students Motivation - Essay Example One of the principle thoughts for understudy inspiration and contribution is the utilization of intuitive innovation. Smith (1997) has built up that utilization of innovation effectsly affects perusing and composing . Further, Mayher (1990) and Littlewood (2001) has additionally communicated that understudies must be given a feeling of direction and a feeling of support in learning. Then again, Childs (2009) has examined the advantages that Facebook can yields in language getting the hang of attributable to its simplicity and intuitive highlights. In this way, I intend to utilize Facebook as an instructing apparatus to expand inspiration and support of my seventh grade understudies. The reason for this Action Research study is to inspect the impacts of utilizing Facebook as an encouraging device on the inspiration level of my English class.This study will help me in growing away from of such a system which may assist my understudies with bettering partake in English perusing and comp osing tasks.... All these are away from of little inspiration to peruse and compose English. Then again, (Littlewood, 2001) have expressed that customary training strategies can't persuade Hong Kong ESL understudies to have higher investment and inspiration in perusing and composing English. Further, a few examinations show that in spite of an assortment of encouraging strategies including various media have been utilized in Hong Kong to Teach English as a subsequent language, transcendent instructing strategy is address( (Melanie and Warhurt, 2000). Roman-Perez (2003) have depicted that joining of intelligent innovation reflrcted positive effect over the inspiration level of the understudies for understanding English. Furthermore, I realize that the entirety of my understudies are utilizing Facebook to be in contact with one another. Further, in current Web 2.0 situation, Facebook has top positioning in SNSs (Kazeniac, 2009). In this manner I accept that utilizing Facebook as an encouraging instrum ent in an innovative manner can build inspiration and interest level of my ESL understudies. 4. Writing Review: In request to actualize my this thought of utilizing Facebook as a showing instrument, I set out on looking into pertinent writing from five measurements including inspiration to learn, inspiration to peruse and compose, inspiration to learn English among Hong Kong understudies, innovation and inspiration to peruse and compose, lastly ,utilizing Facebook as an instructing device. 4.1. Inspiration: Motivation is considered as a brief and energizer in all fields of life (Mangal, 2002). It might be characterized as the power that represents the incitement, determination, course, and continuation of certain conduct. Writings on human brain research and on training have widely talked about human inspiration and understudy inspiration in subtleties. Also, dominant part of the educationists henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-58485985140187422422020-07-28T04:52:00.001-07:002020-07-28T04:52:03.664-07:00INTJ Personality Characteristics, Myths & Cognitive FunctionsINTJ Personality Characteristics, Myths & Cognitive Functions Theories Personality Psychology Print INTJ: The Architect, (Introverted, Intuitive, Thinking, Judging) An Overview of the INTJ Personality Type By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on January 28, 2020 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW on January 28, 2020 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Overview Intuitive-Thinking INTJ INTP ENTJ ENTP Intuitive-Feeling INFJ INFP ENFJ ENFP Sensing-Judging ISTJ ISFJ ESTJ ESFJ Sensing-Perceiving ISTP ISFP ESTP ESFP In This Article Table of Contents Expand Key INTJ Characteristics Cognitive Functions Personal Relationships Career Paths Tips for Interacting With INTJs View All INTJ (introverted, intuitive, thinking, and judging) is one of the 16 personality types identified by a personality assessment called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Sometimes referred to as the Architect, or the Strategist, people with INTJ personalities are highly analytical, creative and logical.?? According to psychologist David Keirsey, developer of the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, approximately one to four percent of the population has an INTJ personality type. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell The MBTI is one of the most popular psychological assessments, but critics have argued that it lacks both validity and reliability.?? If you take the MBTI, be sure to use caution when considering the meaning of your results. You can learn more about the INTJ personality in this overview. However, this should not be interpreted as health, psychological, or professional career advice. Key INTJ Characteristics INTJs tend to be introverted and prefer to work alone.INTJs look at the big picture and like to focus on abstract information rather than concrete details.INTJs place greater emphasis on logic and objective information rather than subjective emotions.INTJs like their world to feel controlled and ordered so they prefer to make plans well in advance. Strengths Enjoys theoretical and abstract concepts High expectations Good at listening Takes criticism well Self-confident and hard-working Weaknesses Can be overly analytical and judgmental Very perfectionistic Dislikes talking about emotions Sometimes seems callous or insensitive Cognitive Functions The MBTI identifies preferences in four key dimensions: 1) Extraversion vs Introversion, 2) Sensing vs Intuition, 3) Thinking vs Feeling and 4) Judging vs Perceiving. As you can tell by the four-letter acronym, INTJ stands for Introverted, Intuitive, Thinking, and Judging. Based upon psychoanalyst Carl Jungs theory of personality, the MBTI also utilizes what is known as a functional stack in order to understand each personality.?? Each of the four key functions is either inwardly facing (introverted) or outwardly facing (extroverted). For each personality type, these different cognitive functions combine and interact in a variety of ways. Each type possesses a dominant function that sets the tone for that specific personality type. In addition to this dominant function, auxiliary, tertiary, and inferior functions play supporting roles in making up the characteristics of an individuals personality. INTJs rely on four key cognitive functions:?? Dominant: Introverted Intuition INTJs use introverted intuition to look at patterns, meanings, and possibilities. Rather than simply looking at the concrete facts, they are more interested in what these facts mean.People with this personality type enjoy thinking about the future and exploring possibilities.When remembering events, they may recall impressions more than exact details of what occurred.INTJs are good at reading between the lines to figure out what things might really mean. Auxiliary: Extraverted Thinking As a secondary function in the INTJ personality, extroverted thinking leads people to seek order, control, and structure in the world around them.For this reason, INTJs can be very deliberate and methodical when approaching problems.People with this personality type tend to make decisions based on logic. They organize their thoughts in order to see cause-and-effect relationships. Tertiary: Introverted Feeling INTJs use introverted feeling but because it is a tertiary function, they do so to a lesser degree than they use the dominant and auxiliary functions.Those who develop this aspect of their personalities more fully pay greater attention to values and feelings when making decisions.As a result, they may also feel more drawn to people and activities that are well-aligned with their values. Inferior: Extraverted Sensing In INTJs, this tends to be the least developed of their cognitive functions, but it does still exert some influence.This function allows people to experience process information through their senses.When this function is in play, people may feel that they are living in the moment and are energized by the world around them. INTJs You Might Know Thomas Jefferson, U.S. PresidentC.S. Lewis, AuthorArnold Schwarzenegger, Actor PoliticianGandalf, The Lord of the RingsLance Armstrong, Cyclist Personal Relationships People with this personality type are introverted and spend a lot of time in their own mind. INTJs work best by themselves and strongly prefer solitary work to group work.?? While they tend not to be particularly interested in other peoples thoughts and feelings, they do care about the emotions of the select group of people to whom they are close. In personal relationships, INTJs are willing to devote time and energy toward making these relationships successful. Other people often interpret INTJs as cool, aloof and disinterested, which can make forming new friendships challenging. People with this type of personality often see little value in social rituals and small talk, making it even more difficult to get to know them. They tend to be reserved and prefer to interact with a group of close family and friends. Career Paths When INTJs develop an interest in something, they strive to become as knowledgeable and skilled as they can in that area. They have high expectations, and they hold themselves to the highest possible standards. INTJs are good at gathering information from the outside world, analyzing it and reaching new insights.People with this personality type tend to be very analytical and logical. They value information, knowledge, and intelligence and make excellent scientists and mathematicians. They tend to do particularly well in fields that require efficiency and the ability to interpret complex information such as engineering, academia, law, and research.?? INTJs typically do well in careers that integrate their strong ability to understand and evaluate complex information with their ability to put this knowledge into practice. Careers that allow the INTJ to work independently and autonomously are also ideal. Popular INTJ Careers ScientistMathematicianEngineerDentistDoctorTeacherJudgeLawyer Tips for Interacting With INTJs Friendships INTJs tend to be solitary and self-sufficient, so establishing friendships can sometimes be difficult. Because people with this personality type tend to think so much of the future, they may avoid getting to know people because they believe that a long-term friendship will not work out. The good news is that while INTJs may not have a lot of friends, they do become very close and committed to those who persist. INTJs tend to prefer friends who are also introverted, rational, and low on emotional drama.?? Parenting INTJ parents tend to be thoughtful and attentive, yet they are typically not highly affectionate. They have high expectations for their kids and offer support by helping kids think logically when faced with decisions. Parents with this type of personality encourage their kids to be self-directed critical thinkers who are capable of solving problems on their own. If your child is an INTJ, focus on finding ways to encourage your childs intellectual strengths, but try to find a balance that avoid excessive perfectionism.?? You can also help your child develop their emotional strengths and look for ways to express their feelings. Relationships Because INTJs can be difficult to get to know, romantic relationships can sometimes falter. If your partner has this personality type, it is important to know that loyalty and understanding are important. Dont be afraid to show that you are dedicated to your INTJ partner, but also dont pressure them to spill their emotions. Communication is also critical. Rather than expecting your partner to pick up on your subtle cues, focus on being straight-forward or even blunt about what you expect. henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-90396321332536126712020-05-22T13:58:00.001-07:002020-05-22T13:58:02.385-07:00Decision Making Is A Major Job Tasks For All Managers Decision-making is a major job tasks for all managers. When making decisions that impact peopleââ¬â¢s everyday lives such as salary, vacation and job tasks the decision making process is even more important. Leaders must be strong willed and must have support of subordinates when making life-altering decisions (Maxwell, 2013). Being in education I deal with decisions being made about my job with out my input daily. The government constantly makes and alters decisions that affect my observations, curriculum and everyday job tasks. This type of decision-making is called autocratic decisions. Yuki (1990) states that autocratic decision-making is where the leader makes a decision without asking subordinates. However, autocratic decision-making is not the lone procedure when making decisions within an organization. Decisions procedures also consist of consultation and group decisions (Yuki, 1990). Throughout this paper we will be discussing the three decisions producers in relevance wi th the Alvis Corporation text. The first decision procedure is the autocratic decision. As stated earlier the autocratic decision is where the leader makes a decision without consulting his subordinates. When a leader makes an autocratic decision one must explain their decision to his subordinates and then sell it (Vroom, 2011). This is very critical to the process because if one cannot sell it and make their subordinates believe then it cannot be carried out (Vroom, 2011). An autocratic decision oftenShow MoreRelatedOrganization Structure And Design 11159 Words à |à 5 Pagesto work together to accomplish all the tasks and achieve all the goals of an organizationâ⬠Organizational Structure ââ¬Å"The formal framework by which jobs tasks are divided, grouped, and coordinatedâ⬠Organizational structure is the skeleton of an organization. The organization structure of Mobilink represent well-organized system of control of operations and have very efficient administration who is continuously viewing who is performing the various functions and tasks of a company and how these peopleRead MoreManagement Approach For Managing An Organization1393 Words à |à 6 Pagesmy organization takes to management is a hierarchical approach where the chain of command starts at the top and filters down. 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Management has several classes to can take, and several henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-56360121094425682672020-05-09T07:15:00.001-07:002020-05-09T07:15:04.623-07:00The External Environment Isis Essay - 1483 Words Exogenous environment: ISIS remains as major threat that shakes stability of entire region, and furthermore, carry out numerous terror attacks in several European countries. In addition, mass shootings and numerous terror attacks on U.S soul have occurred. In addition, ISIS plans progressive and sequences of terror attacks on European and American continent simultaneously. In addition, situation becomes badly wrong if ISIS and Al Qaeda finally agreed its unification, furthermore it could become more serious than ever before. Thus, why has ISIS become so powerful than ever? There are number of reasons that incubate ISIS with mass muscular in the blink of an eye. For instance, reluctant action against ISIS from the regional nations, strong support to ISIS from some Muslim countries made ISIS more crazy, conflict of interest (Russia and Iran are committed to one side of USA) allowed ISIS having more freedom of everything /ISIS could buy time/, limited resources hindered for those who wa s willing to fight ISIS etc. Four. Recommended Portfolio of Strategies Based on distinct interests and probable scenarios in future environment, I propose feasible strategies for each of the environments in three portions such as core, basic, and hedging strategy. Core Strategy: U.S. will still have challenge to ensure its security of people and territories on its soil and abroad from both direct and indirect threats of ISIS, as long as ISIS is able to preserve its capacity and influence toShow MoreRelatedI Am Talking More Than Technology1459 Words à |à 6 Pagesan entity labeled Isis in the middle east. This conflict rose from many variables. 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ISIS is responsible for countless atrocities to include henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-4131846626592325122020-05-06T10:08:00.003-07:002020-05-06T10:08:07.025-07:00Small Family Owned Business Free Essays My assignment for the presentation on (small) family owned businesses was to research and share an organized piece on the international studies of the subject. After several days of searching the internet for appropriate studies, I had gathered enough data to put together a three part report. The three parts consisted first off of an intro, which I believed was enough to be considered its own part, just because of the extremely interesting point that family owned businesses are such a widespread commonality. We will write a custom essay sample on Small Family Owned Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Second came the bulk of my research, the description of small family owned businesses under the laws of different countries, specifically those belonging to countries in Europe. Last but not least, I followed up with the importance of small family owned businessesââ¬â¢ impact on the overall economy of Europe, and how they applied. When you think of a small family owned business, you usually think of at least one local business you have known and have used your whole life whether a gas station, kebab imbiss, cafe, restaurant, or car dealership, etc. However, think about if everyone in the world named at least one such business. Many people would name the some of the same enterprises, but now you can imagine just how many small family owned businesses there are across the world. Because there are so many, not many reports exist that can contain the entire scope of every kind in every country, therefore, my report covers information regarding largely to european studies. Across Europe and in the United States, there is no widely accepted definition or legal description of a ââ¬Å"family businessâ⬠, however there are many criteria that if met by a small business, can be used to classify a business as such. Although each country has its own list of indicators, some countries use ââ¬Å"common knowledgeâ⬠to decide what constitutes a family business. This means that most countries simply use perception to differentiate a family business from a non-family business based on the interrelationship between family and enterprise that can obviously be observed like the active involvement of family members in the enterpriseââ¬â¢s everyday activities. Few countries legal codes actually mention regulations in which small businesses are referred and partially defined, but can vary easily from each other such as the Austrian regional agricultural legislation stating ââ¬Å"a family business defined as any autonomous economic entity regularly and sustainably providing for the farming familyââ¬â¢s incomeâ⬠to the Italian Civil Code which describes family businesses as ââ¬Å"enterprises in which members of the family unit work and have ownership. For most cases, instead looking for derelict, briefly mentioned bits of code referring to family business, a group of common ââ¬Å"softâ⬠and ââ¬Å"hardâ⬠criteria has been identified(#3). Soft criteria includes: o family relations affect the assignment of the management o family indirectly runs the company o ââ¬Å"major family influence/dominanceâ⬠of the management (in terms of strategic decisions) o ââ¬Å"significant proportionâ⬠of the enterprisesââ¬â¢ senior management o ââ¬Å"most important decisionâ⬠made by the family o ââ¬Å"family controlâ⬠of the management of the enterprise at least 2 generations having had control over the enterprise Hard criteria includes more legitimate and quantifiable proof such as: o CEO has to be a family member o 1 family member is actively involved in the operative management of the company o More than 1 family member in the management o CEO and at least 1 management team member stems from the family o At le ast 2 directors/board members stem from the family o At least 3 board or staff members stem from the family o Majority of the management team stem from the family Or, in the case of Denmark, a family has control over the company: â⬠¢ if it has 50 % of the shares, or â⬠¢ if it has 50 % of the shares and a member of the family is the CEO In regards to impact on economy, although small family owned businesses seem like only a small part of the world economy, they actually make up quite a large percent of all enterprises. It is estimated that about 70-80% of businesses across Europe are family businesses, and of those, about 50% are small family owned businesses. Over all, small family owned businesses also contribute to about 40-50% of employment in Europe(#3). The following table(#3) shows elements of the definition of family business by country, gathered by several international studies on family business. What the previous table shows, is cross-national (European) minimum criteria for the ownership, control, or management of a company by a family according to FBN International 2007, Les Henokiens, European Group of Owner managed and Family Enterprises (GEEF), and PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP. 2007. Under FBN International 2007, and also according to the European Group of Owner managed and Family Enterprises, ownership is described as the direct or indirect majority of votes held by the founders, spouses, parents, children, heir, or persons having acquired the shares; control/management is described as at least one representative of family or kin present in the management. In contrast to those studies, Les Henokiens suggests that in order to hold ownership, a company must own the majority of shares for more than two hundred years; in regards to control/management the enterprise must be managed by a direct descendant of the founder. Another contrasting opinion to FBN International 2007 and the European Group of Owner managed and Family Enterprises, but perhaps not as extreme as Les Henokiens, is the study performed by PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP. 2007 which defines ownership as simply at least fifty-one percent of shares held by a family or related families, and control/management as a majority of the senior management team and the owners having a day to day responsibility for the management of the business. In conclusion, we can see that (small) family owned businesses are a huge contributing factor to the economy worldwide, but still remain a mostly ignored topic by most countries and their legal systems, which is interesting because one would think something so important would be more tightly regulated. I would like to thank my hard working group, and Ms. Fink for the opportunity to present this topic. Works Cited (I have numbered my sources to make identification easier within the report) 1. D, Jamie. ââ¬Å"Running a Family Business Within the Law | SBA. ov. â⬠Running a Family Business Within the Law | SBA. gov. U. S. Small Business Administration, 4 May 2010. Web. 5 May 2012. . 2. Elliott, Larry, and Julia Kollewe. ââ¬Å"Germanyââ¬â¢s Smaller Firms Emerge Intact from the Recession. â⬠The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 15 Mar. 2011. Web. 5 May 2012. . 3. Mandl, Irene. ââ¬Å"Overview of Family Business Relevant Issues. â⬠Ec. europa. eu. European Commission, Enterprise and Industry Directorate-General, 2008. Web. 5 May 2012. . 4. Winslow, CJ. ââ¬Å"Welcome to FoodTronix. â⬠Welcome to FoodTronix. Web. 5 May 2012. . How to cite Small Family Owned Business, Essay examples henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-13720783884566313942020-05-06T10:08:00.001-07:002020-05-06T10:08:06.166-07:00Small Family Owned Business Free Essays My assignment for the presentation on (small) family owned businesses was to research and share an organized piece on the international studies of the subject. After several days of searching the internet for appropriate studies, I had gathered enough data to put together a three part report. The three parts consisted first off of an intro, which I believed was enough to be considered its own part, just because of the extremely interesting point that family owned businesses are such a widespread commonality. We will write a custom essay sample on Small Family Owned Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Second came the bulk of my research, the description of small family owned businesses under the laws of different countries, specifically those belonging to countries in Europe. Last but not least, I followed up with the importance of small family owned businessesââ¬â¢ impact on the overall economy of Europe, and how they applied. When you think of a small family owned business, you usually think of at least one local business you have known and have used your whole life whether a gas station, kebab imbiss, cafe, restaurant, or car dealership, etc. However, think about if everyone in the world named at least one such business. Many people would name the some of the same enterprises, but now you can imagine just how many small family owned businesses there are across the world. Because there are so many, not many reports exist that can contain the entire scope of every kind in every country, therefore, my report covers information regarding largely to european studies. Across Europe and in the United States, there is no widely accepted definition or legal description of a ââ¬Å"family businessâ⬠, however there are many criteria that if met by a small business, can be used to classify a business as such. Although each country has its own list of indicators, some countries use ââ¬Å"common knowledgeâ⬠to decide what constitutes a family business. This means that most countries simply use perception to differentiate a family business from a non-family business based on the interrelationship between family and enterprise that can obviously be observed like the active involvement of family members in the enterpriseââ¬â¢s everyday activities. Few countries legal codes actually mention regulations in which small businesses are referred and partially defined, but can vary easily from each other such as the Austrian regional agricultural legislation stating ââ¬Å"a family business defined as any autonomous economic entity regularly and sustainably providing for the farming familyââ¬â¢s incomeâ⬠to the Italian Civil Code which describes family businesses as ââ¬Å"enterprises in which members of the family unit work and have ownership. For most cases, instead looking for derelict, briefly mentioned bits of code referring to family business, a group of common ââ¬Å"softâ⬠and ââ¬Å"hardâ⬠criteria has been identified(#3). Soft criteria includes: o family relations affect the assignment of the management o family indirectly runs the company o ââ¬Å"major family influence/dominanceâ⬠of the management (in terms of strategic decisions) o ââ¬Å"significant proportionâ⬠of the enterprisesââ¬â¢ senior management o ââ¬Å"most important decisionâ⬠made by the family o ââ¬Å"family controlâ⬠of the management of the enterprise at least 2 generations having had control over the enterprise Hard criteria includes more legitimate and quantifiable proof such as: o CEO has to be a family member o 1 family member is actively involved in the operative management of the company o More than 1 family member in the management o CEO and at least 1 management team member stems from the family o At le ast 2 directors/board members stem from the family o At least 3 board or staff members stem from the family o Majority of the management team stem from the family Or, in the case of Denmark, a family has control over the company: â⬠¢ if it has 50 % of the shares, or â⬠¢ if it has 50 % of the shares and a member of the family is the CEO In regards to impact on economy, although small family owned businesses seem like only a small part of the world economy, they actually make up quite a large percent of all enterprises. It is estimated that about 70-80% of businesses across Europe are family businesses, and of those, about 50% are small family owned businesses. Over all, small family owned businesses also contribute to about 40-50% of employment in Europe(#3). The following table(#3) shows elements of the definition of family business by country, gathered by several international studies on family business. What the previous table shows, is cross-national (European) minimum criteria for the ownership, control, or management of a company by a family according to FBN International 2007, Les Henokiens, European Group of Owner managed and Family Enterprises (GEEF), and PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP. 2007. Under FBN International 2007, and also according to the European Group of Owner managed and Family Enterprises, ownership is described as the direct or indirect majority of votes held by the founders, spouses, parents, children, heir, or persons having acquired the shares; control/management is described as at least one representative of family or kin present in the management. In contrast to those studies, Les Henokiens suggests that in order to hold ownership, a company must own the majority of shares for more than two hundred years; in regards to control/management the enterprise must be managed by a direct descendant of the founder. Another contrasting opinion to FBN International 2007 and the European Group of Owner managed and Family Enterprises, but perhaps not as extreme as Les Henokiens, is the study performed by PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP. 2007 which defines ownership as simply at least fifty-one percent of shares held by a family or related families, and control/management as a majority of the senior management team and the owners having a day to day responsibility for the management of the business. In conclusion, we can see that (small) family owned businesses are a huge contributing factor to the economy worldwide, but still remain a mostly ignored topic by most countries and their legal systems, which is interesting because one would think something so important would be more tightly regulated. I would like to thank my hard working group, and Ms. Fink for the opportunity to present this topic. Works Cited (I have numbered my sources to make identification easier within the report) 1. D, Jamie. ââ¬Å"Running a Family Business Within the Law | SBA. ov. â⬠Running a Family Business Within the Law | SBA. gov. U. S. Small Business Administration, 4 May 2010. Web. 5 May 2012. . 2. Elliott, Larry, and Julia Kollewe. ââ¬Å"Germanyââ¬â¢s Smaller Firms Emerge Intact from the Recession. â⬠The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 15 Mar. 2011. Web. 5 May 2012. . 3. Mandl, Irene. ââ¬Å"Overview of Family Business Relevant Issues. â⬠Ec. europa. eu. European Commission, Enterprise and Industry Directorate-General, 2008. Web. 5 May 2012. . 4. Winslow, CJ. ââ¬Å"Welcome to FoodTronix. â⬠Welcome to FoodTronix. Web. 5 May 2012. . How to cite Small Family Owned Business, Essay examples henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-38685961183216107452020-04-28T19:29:00.001-07:002020-04-28T19:29:03.505-07:00Senior Citizens Essays - Avant Browser, Portable Software, Website Senior Citizens Note: Professor, please notify me to confirm your receipt of my final paper. Thank You. Sof?a Fern?ndez December 20, 2000 Professor Jim Coyle Internet Marketing 4555 Part 1A- Target Market Analysis Over the past few years, with the help of modern technology, people have obtained access to virtually anything they desire at the simple click of a mouse button. Now, information can be accessed through various websites without having to visit a library, go to a store, a friends or relatives home, or even travel agencies. The Internet is for all people- regardless of age, race, ethnic background, class, or religion. When it comes to marketers and which strategies will be most effective and efficient to become a successful website, every product in the market is geared towards a specific target group, regularly based on demographics. Whether it is where a person lives, their marital status, age, or occupation, marketers try to target one particular area where they feel that their product will be benefited the most and where profits will be most generated for the business. One particular area that has been expanding not only in website visitations but also in new website formations is the senior citizen age group. Now, seniors are the fastest growing audience on the Internet. What is more interesting is the fact that they put their money where their mouse is. This age groups frequent use of the Internet is absolutely amazing and unbelievable. There are hundreds and hundreds of websites designed to be most suitable or more geared for this target group. The websites are specifically designed to meet the needs of older adults about the ages of 60 and above, and grandparents. It does not steer towards a certain economic or religious class. The majority of these websites provide much information on healthcare, health issues that affect them, relationships, money, news, entertainment, and childcare. Part1B- Competitive Analysis Under the top 10 most popular sites for www.seniorcitizens.com, I chose the top four websites to analyze the areas in order to compare and contrast where www.seniorgold.com is strong and where it needs some work. The first site is called www.senior.com. Like any website, it will have many strengths and weaknesses. Allow me to discuss this websites strengths first. The page was downloaded quite easily, with no error messages to refresh the page. Overall, the designs of the pages are colorful and have very clear graphics. The text is very clear without being too wordy and misleading. The home page also has a search engine that allows the user to quickly find what he/she is looking for. In addition, it has a large variety of topics to choose from with easily accessible features. This website does contain a vertical and horizontal scroll bar on its homepage which makes the first impression for users a tedious one. It becomes very frustrating when someone has to keep scrolling up and down to search any information. The contents on the homepage of a website should be clear, brief, and concise allowing you to link to it if more information is what is desired of the user. Another weakness would include the arrangement of topics on the homepage. They begin with serious news that then descends down to tacky, irrelevant links. Although the content of the text itself is clear, it looks all jumbled up, busy, and confusing. In order to be simple, and to the point, the topics should become more condensed, including the amount of links it has. Compared to www.seniorgold.com, this website is more visually appealing to the eye. It appears to be more youthful through the use of cartoon characters and bold color schemes. The second website, www.elderweb.com, has tab links at the top of the homepage which allows the user to click on the tab which is relevant without having to search endless rows of subcategories to see which one applies to their information search. There are no distracting side links that allows the user to choose to read the information or simply click on where they wish to go on the site. Unlike www.senior.com, the page is very consecutive with the stories and features. The current headlines are brief and to the point. And, each headline gives the user henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-16952484904060739212020-03-20T06:00:00.001-07:002020-03-20T06:00:02.924-07:00The East Vs The West Racism essaysThe East Vs The West Racism essays The East Vs. The West: Racism The Asia/Pacific War proved to be a war that went far beyond that of defending the ideals of humanity or even trying to suppress or augment ones power by means of territory. This definitive outbreak and ongoing military rampage dove to the most critical and hateful ideals of our time: racism. Beliefs discerning the fundamental differences between the East vs. the West fueled a time and place of misconceptions, blind followings and mass race hatred. The stereotypes developed from the study of the respective histories of the other were only augmented by the immense propaganda war that was waged. This mass serge of propaganda resulted in raising racial hatred among not only those fighting the war, but the civilian population as well. The eruption that would ensue, as well as the subsequent inflation of racial hate, produced one of the most brutal wars in history that would result in a political conclusion, but neglect the racial tones are still prevalent today. Ever since the early years of Japanese history, the Japanese always felt it necessary to distinguish themselves from other states in Asia- especially with China. Although Japan constantly borrowed many aspects of their culture and ideals from China, time and again the leaders would defend the belief that Japan was both independent and able, as well as ready for the subsequent responsibilities of holding that stance of individuality. During the years following the conquering of both China and Russia, Japans racial superiority over the other Asians became a fundamental base for the upcoming practices during the Asia/Pacific war. In the book entitled War Without Mercy, the Japanese invaded colonial outposts [whom] the Westerners had dominated for generations, taking absolutely for granted their racial and cultural superiority over their Asian subjects.... henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-69005154824055305962020-03-03T21:44:00.001-08:002020-03-03T21:44:03.329-08:00List of Elements Belonging to the Actinide GroupList of Elements Belonging to the Actinide Group The actinide or actinoid elements are a series of elements including atomic number 89 (actinium) through 103 (lawrencium). Here is a list of elements that are actinides, a subset of the rare earth elements group. Discussions of actinide elements may refer to any member of the group by the symbol An. All of the elements are f-block elements, except sometimes actinium and lawrencium. As such, the actinides are a subset of the transition metals group. Here is a list of all of the elements in the actinide series: Actinium (sometimes considered a transition metalà yet not an actinide)ThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumà (sometimes considered a transition metal yet not an actinide) For more information about the actinide element group: Actinides Element Group henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-23596595750315546902020-02-16T13:11:00.001-08:002020-02-16T13:11:02.655-08:00Jet Blue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsJet Blue - Essay Example Entertainment options were introduced and more travel destinations were opened to add convenience to travelers. It operates 75 flights to 7 cities in 22 states in U.S, and Puerto Rico, Mexico, Caribbean and Latin America. Their fleets consist of 127 units of Airbus and 190 units of 53 Embraer Aircrafts and the number of aircrafts is ever increasing. At present, JetBlue Airways employs 12,080 employees and is able to achieve sales growth of USD $4.1b in 2011 to USD$4.6B in 2012(Bloomberg Businessweek. 2013). It has displayed operational efficiency as it was also able to drive down administrative expenses and cost of sales from 4.88% to 4.48% that attributed for its bottom-line growth, report stated. Market data showed USD $5.98 per share whereas competitors are priced higher, for example, $49.52 for Alaska Air, its closest rival. Inasmuch as the company hires a big number of multi-levels of employees which are expected to come from different races and ideologies, cultural differences always subsist. Due to this, problems exist when cultural views are not understood. It is assumed that due to the technicality of airlines operation, there is a high context culture. This means the communicators assume a great commonality of knowledge and views so that less is spelled out explicitly and much more is communicated in indirect ways.â⬠(ââ¬Å"Cultural differencesâ⬠n.d.) For instance, management maintains a ââ¬Å"cohesive culture and visible leadershipâ⬠. At JetBlue corporate responsibility are more than just donations to charitable institutions, but by creating programs to develop the environment, the youth, and the community (JetBlue Corporate Responsibility .2013). The expertise of JetBlueââ¬â¢s manager contributed largely to the success of the airline company. Being a second mover, the strategy of low cost airline has been a tried and tested formula for henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-87968216636928482872020-02-02T20:55:00.001-08:002020-02-02T20:55:03.065-08:00ART METAL SCULPTURE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsART METAL SCULPTURE - Essay Example The location of this sculpture is outside East Entrance Parking Lot N, a campus setting. Haroldââ¬â¢s metal sculpture resembles two joined elliptical forms whose common joint acts as resting base in an ample clearance or setting. On its two sides, these elliptical forms bear a common inclination angle such that from a distance when viewing from its wide side resembles an eagle flying with its outstretched wings but swung in certain equal inclinations at both sides. Joinery of this work encompassed welded steel and Corten before flattened in such a way at the middle. The entire artwork its sculptor has painted it dark brown color, which makes it come out clearly from its settings bearing natural vegetative colors. Specifically, these are green, bright, and blue sky from the background. Hence, inducing a calmness, refreshing and relaxing moods evident in the way these colors as well as settings of the entire sculpture compliment each other. The location of this work is outside East Entrance Parking Lot N, which is a campus setting. Its entire structure rests on a flattened joinery where the two elliptical forms give an impression of meet at the central point; hence, the sculptor here utilizes the aspect of balance to ensure it is upright. Viewing from its four sides, the viewer only manages to see two identical sides. These include the two sides, front side and the rear one. Sculptor in making his work utilized welded and Corten steels with the intention of bringing out machinery effect. This is because many elliptical objects or forms are quite evident in engineering field whereby smooth and well-curved surfaces gives an implication of keenness by the artists and those represented by the object. Its smoothness and side view elevation gives an implication of heightened skill in making fabricated materials. Consequently, this symbolizes a resourceful center characterized with impeccable ways of attaining their henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-28811151982300973822020-01-25T17:19:00.001-08:002020-01-25T17:19:05.968-08:00Functional Area Of An Organisation Information Technology EssayFunctional Area Of An Organisation Information Technology Essay There are a variety of functional areas in a structured business enterprise, depending upon its size and nature of service. Here in the Medication management System can be viewed in a broader manner as hospital is not the only one entity. The manufacturer, vendors, receiving staff, prescribing doctors, pharmacists, nurses and the clients are all involved and thus an integrated system is to be ultimately developed which benefits all users of the system at different levels. The information system does mean not only the software, but also the hardware, users and other related systems. So our objective is to identify all the functional areas of the organization as a whole and to develop a cost-effective and efficient system which would minimize the human drug dispensing errors and reduce the mortality rate in turn. For this we need to have a clear understanding about the different systems at different levels like manufacturer, vendor and hospital. Information needs within functional area of an organisation. Organisations have a number of people working together towards a definite objective, although they work in different functional areas. One output of one functional area can be the input of another area and the accurate timely information is necessary to get an error free result. Organisations completely depend on the information systems and advanced technologies which makes them excel and efficient. Functional areas of organisations are defined according to the type and nature of work that is involved in a department. The main functional areas of each and every organisation are listed below: Human Resource: Human resource management is one of the most important yet often underestimated aspects in the organizational operation. It basically is the operating system of the whole organization that makes sure that it run smoothly, coordination and cooperation takes place regularly and finally makes sure that everyone within the organization is satisfied with the working conditions. Superficially, it is supposed to do day to day tasks like recruitment, training payroll processing etc. but actually the scope for HRM is much more than that. Especially in the highly competitive markets of today, they can play a pivotal role in building a highly performing and competitive firm by nurturing and enhancing the skills of the employees and ensuring cooperation. This is a functional area where various personnel who administer and handle the drug are interviewed and selected. Financial Area: This functional area analyses various financial aspects of the employees and keeps track of the accounts receivable and payables. The financial advisors must plan in advance regarding the future financial objectives of the company. In order to achieve the desire profits. The finance department need to maintain the financial records in order to show these accounts while paying the tax. And another key function of finance department is to calculate the salary and payroll system which is the main function of finance department. Accounts are maintained for different vendors for which internal auditors and accountants are employed. Marketing and Sales: In this competitive world the organisation cannot survive without marketing the products. Organisation is investing a huge amount of money in order to market the products through different channels like television, radio and other medias. So that people came to know about the products and will buy the companys products. Nowadays the competition is really high; the companies are forced to give discounts and other promotional activities like holidays and gifts to push their sales. To conclude with, marketing is also a key part in achieving companys objectives. Production: Production is one of the main functional areas of a business organisation. All the products of a business organisation are developing under this functional area. The staffs under this functional area should enquire all the products should develop at the right time and the products have good quality. The organisation should buy good quality raw materials. These raw materials will be stored near to production area. Nowadays most of the productions are automatically with the help of robots and other machines. The operator need to check only the production line is correct or not. Production is also involves preparing items for despatch. The items should packed cleanly and very attractively. In this stage, the bar code system can be incorporated which should specify its batch number, product code/name, packing, lot number, date of manufacture, chemical combination, type of meds, route of administration, dosage.etc Customer Service: Customer service is the one of the most important functional area of organisation. This includes functions like answering the clients enquiries about the product and services, provide well information about the customers need, solving clients problems, Provide service after sales which include replace, repair etc, dealing with the problems of customer, analysis the problems of customer and store these problems etc. Comparison between the functional areas and information needed for each functional area Functional Area Functions and information needed for functional areas Human Resource The main functions of this functional area are recruitment, training, payroll etc. The information needed for this functional area are the information about the employees, their salary, about new vacancies, about new applications, employees in payroll, attendance, absence and overtime detailsetc. . Financial Area The main functions of Financial area are calculate the salary of employees, checking payrolls, recording money received, produce invoices, checking the payments received and chasing the overdue payments etc. In this functional area should have the information about income of company, expense of the company, salary of each and every staff,times sheet of work, attendance and overtime detailsetc. They also need to have the customers bills details, payment received and bills payable details to the vendors. Marketing and Sales The main functions of this functional area are Market the products through different channels like radio, mail television, producing publicity materials of their products such as catalogues etc., designing and promoting the website of company. This functional area should have the information about new trend of market, in what way the company can get maximum product, which is the good way to publish their product in market, in what way the company can improve their sales etc. Production The main functions of this functional area are buying raw materials, storing the raw materials, planning the production schedule, Checking quality of product throughout the production, packing the items cleanly and beautifully, storing the items very safely. The information needed for this functional area are list of available raw materials, Combination formula, Machinery and manpower availability, Quantity of each product to be manufactured which in turn is reported by the feedback from sales and marketing area, product details like batch number, packingetc. Customer Service The main functions of this functional are answering clients enquiries about products, solve clients problems, dealing with the problems of customer, analysis the problems of customer and store these problems etc. This functional area should have the information about what range of customer they have, the customers are satisfied with their product or not, what are the customers need for a particular product etc. Information needed for medical management system The medical management system is a complex system involving the manufacturer, hospital, and the administrator of medicines. Therefore, a well defined data flow has to be clearly identified. Identification of appropriate data that is involved in each system is a key factor for the success of this system. Several data are needed for the proper functioning of the system. First of all, the details about the following are absolutely necessary. 1) Prescription details 2) Product details 3) Patient details 4) Administering persons details. 5) The medical staff 6) The vendors of medicine INFORMATION SYSTEMS Different types of Information Systems An information system is a combination of hardware, software procedures used to generate information which is used to administer and control the day to day activities of users in an organisation. It consists of five categories. A) Office Information Systems (OIS) B) Transaction Processing System (TPS) C) Management Information System (MIS) D) Decision support system (DSS) E) Expert System (ES) Office Information System (OIS) It is a kind of information system that depends on hardware, software and networks to provide communication solutions and working efficiency among a staffs in an organisation. Office Information System is also known as Office Automation. In this kind of an environment the data processing is done electronically instead of manually hard copying it. For example In an organisation with several branches if a new line is released it can be updated through the OIS over the network. If they dont use OIS they would have to manually process it and post it to its branches. Transaction Processing System (TPS) TPS is a form of information system that records and processes transaction done in an organisation on each day. A transaction can be an order, a payment, reservation or a cancellation. TPS generally uses two type of transaction processing. a) Batch Processing b) Online Transaction Processing In a batch processing all the transactions are collected during the day and its processed as a group or a batch at the end of the day. In online Transaction Processing the transaction is processed as soon as it is entered into the system. In batch processing the invoice cannot be generated then and there. But in OLTP the invoices can be generated then and there. Management Information System (MIS) In an organisation various tasks are performed on a day to day basis which involves invoicing, monitoring track progress, generating sales reports etc. An MIS is a kind of information system that generates accurate daily reports. So the authorities of the organisation can monitor and track the overall performance of the company by making decisions, solving problems and watch the track progress. This process is usually done by a type of MIS known as Management Reporting System. For example in an organisation when a sale is done the product which is being sold is first entered into the system, invoice generated and finally the product being deducted from the inventory. These data helps the managers to take decisions in improving the overall company performance. Decision Support System (DIS) A Decision Support System is used to help the staff in an organisation to take decisions when a complicated situation arises. This system collects data from within the organisation and from external sources such as the internet to help the staff in decision making. This information system needs to store huge volumes of data. These data as store in large databases called data warehouses. The data warehouse stores and manages the data required to help the staff in complicated situation. Expert System (ES) In an expert system the machine (computer) collects information and the knowledge from human beings and helps in the decision making process of the people who have less expertise and experience. They mainly use a technology known as AI (Artificial Intelligence). AI is the process of applying human intelligence to computer systems. An AI computer can sends problems and deliver expert opinion by analysing the users previous experience datas aiding to take a decision and complete the task. Office Information System is used to almost all the areas of an organisation wherever administration needs to be done. Transaction Processing System Financial Area Management Information system- HR Decision support Information system- Customer Service Expert System- RD The current trends in using MMS to solve the problems facing HHS As far as healthcare is concerned patient data is the most crucial and sensitive data. In the current situation the patients data is manually entered into a branch where thy walk. If the patient walks into a different hospital the treatment data is either e- mailed or a hardcopy is carried from the previous branch to the new branch. This procedure has some advantages than the old systems. If the patient carrying is carrying a hardcopy the data will not get destroyed or damaged unless carelessly treated by the customer himself. If the customers diagnostic data is e- mailed to the next branch the data will reach the new branch without any hassle and in seconds. In this case the customer need not carry a physical hardcopy of the files. These techniques will help the HHS introducing incomplete reports, wrong medical history and even patient deaths. INFORMATION PROCESSING TOOLS Various Software Tools Text processors Text processors are specific software, which comes as a part of the big software that is used to process documents, prepare presentation, and manipulate accounts and mange a database. One of the famous text processor software is Microsoft Office. It contains Word for document processing, Excel for processing spread sheets, Access for managing databases and Power point for preparing presentations. In an organisation preparing presentations for meetings, issuing invoices to patients, maintain accounts and managing patients database is crucially important. If Microsoft office can be used in such an organisation all these requirements can be met. Databases In medical environment, patient history is very important for the treatment of the patient. In a medical organisation software such as Microsoft Access can be used to store patient information. But Access cannot be used in a network and does not have much functionality and cannot be customised according to the needs of the organisation. In such a case specifically designed software can be used to manage all these functions. Client Server In a hospital there are different departments and functional areas, each requiring its on computer systems. A patient who is being treated for and ailment will be referred from one department to the other. So the staffs need to carry the reports and the data from every department from where the patient was treated as a hardcopy which is a big headache. In that case implementing client server architecture will be beneficial. In this architecture all the computers in every department will be connected to a centralised server which will store all the patients and database records. So if a patient is referred from one department to the other the next department can access the treatment history through the server. For this purpose the server and the clients need to have customised software. Current Information method used in HHS Currently the HHS uses a network blast infrastructure for data management. If a patient walks in to a hospital the patients ID and the treatment procedure is entered on to a system and then the prescription is given. When the patient walks into a different branch the details of the treatment from the previous branch is e-mailed to the new hospital for references. But as this information are stored and processed by computers errors can happen at any time, such as data lose, virus attacks, missing information, and incomplete reports and so on. The doctor who treated the patient primarily will exactly know what the patient is suffering from and about his vital statistics better than the latter one. As data a critical in a hospital these errors can cost a patient his/her life. In earlier times the information was processed as a hard copy which is given to the patient upon the completion of the treatment. If the patient loses this information his life is again at stake. The current proces sing methods need to be refined so that no patients will die in the future due to overdoses or incomplete report. The most modern method Information is very important and critical in todays world. In hospitals barcode technology is taking over the traditional information processing methods. In barcode technology the patient is given a wrist band upon being admitted in the hospital. The wrist band will have a unique patient ID which is in the form of a barcode. I.e. each patient is given a unique barcode. Software will be used to generate the barcode and will store the treatment data and the details of the staff and the doctor who worked with the patient throughout the treatment. The staff of the concern will also carry identification badges which will have unique IDs. When the patient is being given a medication by the staff it will be recorded into the system who gave the medicine, the type of medicine and the time. For this first off all the staff scans and enters their barcode into the machine then the patients barcode and finally the code on the drug. The doctors prescription will be entered into the system before the medicine is given. If there is a change in the medicine the system will sent out distress alarms to prevent misuse of the drug, thereby saving the patient and the staff http://www.teachmebusiness.co.uk/page29/page16/page18/assets/Functionalareas.pdf henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-21460433133011859942020-01-17T13:43:00.001-08:002020-01-17T13:43:03.833-08:00Oarland City Jail Closure Illustrates Naive Leadership EssayThe primary job of a city government is to ensure public safety for all its dwellers and visitors. However, the city council has refused to meet or acknowledge this critical and prime responsibility. Instead, it hands subsidies to favored developers. And swelling redevelopment empire, likewise, smothers day-to-day city services. The City of Oakland California jail was closed on July 1, 2005. One year later, the verdict is in: closing the jail was a dumb move. It appears that there are more unfavorable consequences to this city initiative than favorable ones. Hence, the aim of this research proposal is to study the effect or the impact of the closure of the Oakland City jail on communities within the city. Some news items highlighting crime statistics that have occurred in the City of Oakland California were gathered to serve as primary materials for this undertaking. For example, ââ¬Å"Rape was up nearly 12 percent; car thefts and burglaries up nearly 30 percent; robbery up 18 percent ââ¬â some of it in neighborhoods not accustomed to crime,â⬠reports ABC 7 News (6/12/06); ââ¬Å"Oaklandââ¬â¢s murder rate is rising five times faster than the country at large,â⬠(ABC 7 News, 6/12/06); and ââ¬Å"In Oakland, a city of 400,000, the death rate is 25.6 per 100,000 people, four times higher than the national rate of 6.1, according to the Alameda Country Public Health Department reportâ⬠(Mamberto, October 2, 2006) are indicative of something undesirable are happing in the area. This research paper will seek the affirmation or nullification of this hypothesis statement: The reduction of the Oakland Police Department Fiscal Year budget for Fiscal Year 2005-2007 resulting in the closure of the city jail and subsequent elimination of 89 full-time positions has negative impact on the communityââ¬â¢s safety. A correlation of the ââ¬Å"Independent Variableâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Dependent Variableâ⬠will be designed and structured accordingly from which conclusions will be derived from. Appropriate statistical tools, like, ââ¬Å"sampling techniques,â⬠ââ¬Å"hypothesis testing,â⬠ââ¬Å"measurement of central tendency,â⬠ââ¬Å"descriptive statistics,â⬠ââ¬Å"probability statistics,â⬠ââ¬Å"inferential statistics,â⬠among other, will be used. Data shall come from these sources: à (1) records of the Oakland Police Department (OPD); (2) relevant literature, like, news items from TV, radio and print media; (3) periodicals; and (4) interviews. Introduction One year ago, on July 1, 2004, the Oakland City council closed the city jail. It was labeled a budget-cutting move, for an estimated saving of no more than $3 million per year. A year later, the council just finished spending a $16 million budget surplus. Oakland lost a facility permanently on the basis of fluctuating budget numbers. The jail closure has further crippled police work. OPD officers tell us: The processing time to put a detained or arrested person into the jail has more than doubled from 20 minutes to 45 minutes. In effect, the already understaffed department has lost another several police officers. Criminals are now taken to the Countyââ¬â¢s Glenn E. Dyer Detention Facility, but the sheriffs there are not happy about the increased workload. They use various legal excuses that force Oakland to take the criminal all the way out to the Santa Rita jail. When Oakland had a jail, prisoners with minor health issues could be kept there and provided health care. Without a jail, the County pushes the prisoners to Highland Hospital, where Oakland police must guard them for hours or days. In an interview of some local residents, for example, a 20-year resident of 14th Ave. and E. 27th said she never experienced or witnessed any violent crimes until October of 2005ââ¬âshe witnessed a man stabbed to death in front of her house; another interviewee, a 15-year resident of Grand Street, said his house was burglarized on July 2006 for the first time and a month later his neighbor was robbed at gun point in front of his house. These incidents are no ordinary occurrences in a community whose people expect continued and lasting peace and order as well as public safety. The closure of the Oakland City jail and the resultant elimination of 89 OPD personnel, it seems, have something to do with this apparent serious problem besetting Oakland City today that threatens the social and emotional well being of its residents and visitors. Where are the city council members today who made the decision to close the city jail? Are they informed about or are they reading what are trumpeted by media outlets? Do they listen to affected local residents? Have they realized the consequences of their decision lately? Do they have corrective plans to address the apparently undesirable results of their group decision? Literature Review The news items and results of personal interview of Oakland residents pertaining to the closure of the Oakland City jail will serve as initial sources of research data. Following are summaries of literature review for this undertaking (see complete literature in Appendix A and Appendix B). KTVU Channel (11/22/06) carries a report of violent crime rise of 34.2% in 2006. Oakland city ââ¬Å"still ranks high inâ⬠crime category,â⬠reports CRIME (n.d.). This same media reports ââ¬Å"132 murdersâ⬠committed as of November 2006 by an average age of 28 years old. The rate of killings increased to 21% from 94 in 2005 compared to 88 in 2004 and ââ¬Å"majority of the crimes being committed occur in the East and West parts of the city.â⬠ABC 7 News (July 11) also reports worrying crime occurrences in Oakland having a ââ¬Å"soaring murder rate thatââ¬â¢s almost double the number of homicides right now compared to this time last year.â⬠And this demography can reach a ââ¬Å"triple digit rate by end of the year,â⬠if authorities do not start to act today. There is a stark difference of killings this timeââ¬âvictims are younger and their lives were pluck cold-bloodedly along populated alleys of the city. Crime statistics have now reached the attention of national level with the involvement of FBI authoritiesââ¬âthis development maybe reassuring to some but the other side of the fence confirms something ugly about the situation. Another ABC 7 News (6/12/06) circulates a headline about Oaklandââ¬â¢s rising murder rate to be ââ¬Å"five times faster than the country at large.â⬠The reason attributed in the ââ¬Å"big jump in murderâ⬠is ââ¬Å"readily available handguns, gang and drug activity and disrespect for life.â⬠Whatââ¬â¢s happening? Another disturbing information spread by the media is about rape. This time, it is up nearly 12 percent. Although Oakland police establishment is trying to do something to at least contain the alarming situation including ââ¬Å"saturating high crime neighborhoods,â⬠but the prospect of effective prevention is far from reality. North Gate News (October 2, 2006), likewise, has another corroborating story for the day. Victims are relatively young individuals in their early adulthood of 20 to 24 and victims were identified to be African Americans. There is something contemptible about the figures reported, like, ââ¬Å"45% [of the offenders] were actually under the care of the criminal justice system ââ¬â either on parole or probation ââ¬â when the murder occurred.â⬠And why ââ¬Å"80% of violent crimes in the county occur in Oakland or to Oakland residentsâ⬠? Killings in the area keep rising. And what is really alarming to peace-loving residents of Oakland is the admission that ââ¬Å"Weââ¬â¢re in the middle of a public health crisis here . . .â⬠These news items have one thing in common: emphasis on the increasing crime rate in Oakland City after the closure of the city jail. Relevant books, magazines, and professional journals are considered to be reviewed for this research work, too. Methodologies Crime-related research data will be collected from OPD records for the period January 1, 2003 up to December 31, 2005. These crime-related data will be classified and their occurrences will be tabulated statistically using applicable statistical tools, like, descriptive statistics, measurement of central tendency, among other. Statistics made by other entities will be considered; and, thus, are planned to be gathered accordingly. A survey of residents in a West Oakland area is consideredââ¬âthe data to be gathered will be pertaining to their feelings of security and insecurity as well as safety in their area stimulated by recent rise of criminality which is hypothesized to be the result of the closure of the city jail. A specific methodology on: (1) how the research questions are studied, (2) how existing data will be used, (3) how new data generated by the researcher will be incorporated to existing data, (4) how the primary research will be brought to the study, (5) how survey data will be used, and (6) how a sample population will be used, will be developed accordingly prior to the commencement of the research work. A correlation between the independent variable and dependent variable (see below) will be designed and structured accordingly from which conclusion will be derived. The independent variable: à the Oakland Police Departmentââ¬â¢s Fiscal Year 2005-2007 budget reduction and subsequent elimination of 89 full-time positions (see Table 1) gave rise to the dependent variable; The dependent variable: à à à à a negative effect on the communityââ¬â¢s safety. The expected or hypothesized negative impact of the closure of the city jail will be measured through the responses of respondents in a survey about their perceptions on the matter. On the other hand, the communityââ¬â¢s safety will also be measured in the same manner as the former through survey made on the residents in which crime statistics are prevalent. Table 1. Full Time Equivalent Position Eliminated # Title/Position Number 1. Watch correction Officer supervisor 5 2. Court correction officer 1 3. Control desk 1 4. Public Representative Service 1 5. Property Correction Officer 3 6. Admitting 2 7. Floor Correction Officer 3 8. Search 4 9. Print Room (1) 3 10. Print Room (2) 3 11. Watch Correction Officer 3 12. Assistant Watch 2 13. Booking Correction Officer 3 14. 1st Floor 3 15. 2nd Floor 36 16. Jail Kitchen staffs 12 17. Jail Utility Workers 4 Total Full Time Equivalent Position Eliminated 89 Results and Findings Table 2 shows an annual data sheet that will be used to capture data from OPD. Table 2.1 is a data sheet that will be used to capture data from OPD which is related to Table 2. Table 3 is a survey question that will capture the individual perceptions of respondents about the effect of the closure of the city jail in their area. Table 4 shows a survey question that will capture the individual perceptions of respondents how they are affected emotionally by the perceived rise of criminality in the area. The data classifications shown below are not limited in themselves, i.e., other data structures are considered upon the approval of the final research proposal. Table 2. Annual data sheet (data to be obtained from OPD) Measures à Metrics from which data are derived Data obtained from OPD (Year 2003) Data obtained from OPD (Year 2004) Data obtained from OPD (Year 2005) (Research) Average processing time to put a detained or arrested person into jail (minutes/arrest) # minutes 45 minutes # minutes Average number of criminals taken to the Countyââ¬â¢s Glenn E. Dyer Detention Facility (#/per month) # per month # per month # per month Average number of criminals taken to Sta. Rita Jail per month # per month # per month # per month Average number of prisoners brought to Highland Hospital per month # per month # per month # per month Average number of guards assigned to guard prisoners brought to Highland Hospital per month # per month # per month # per month Table 2.1 Monthly data sheet (data to be obtained from OPD) Metrics from which data are derived Years, 2003, 2004, 2005 à Total à Ave. J F M A M J J A S O N D Average processing time to put a detained or arrested person into jail (minutes/arrest) Number of criminals taken to the Countyââ¬â¢s Glenn E. Dyer Detention Facility (#/per month) Number of criminals taken to Sta. Rita Jail per month Number of prisoners brought to Highland Hospital per month Number of guards assigned to guard prisoners brought to Highland Hospital per month Table 3. Survey question on perception of the effect of the closure of the City Jail Survey question YES NO NOT SURE Do you think the closure of the Oakland City jail is the main cause of the rise of criminality in the area? Table 4. Survey question on how the emotional effect of the perceived rise of criminality in the area à à Survey Question à à à Not affected at all à Mildly affected but do not feel afraid Reasonably affected that I feel afraid being victimized à Affected that I feel constantly afraid being victimized Very affected that it makes me feel nervous most of the time How much are you affected, emotionally (e.g., afraid that I will become a victim of crime) by the rise of criminality in the area? Conclusions and Recommendations: After the completion of the planned activities for the research work and the consolidation of all pertinent information that made up this research, the manner of reporting the research findings and conclusion will be given special consideration considering the contents and scope of the undertaking. After submitting my original research work to my professor, I plan to discuss the results with county officials of Oakland California and hope to be able to convince concerned local county officials to support my recommendation for the reinstatement of the Oakland city jail to its former stature. Appendices The Appendices section will contain graphs and other objects that are integral part of the research. In this Research Proposal, Appendix A contains a list of literature (news items pertaining to the city of Oakland jail closure); while Appendix B contains the results of my personal interview of some of the residents of Oakland city. APPENDIX A ââ¬â List of Literature (News Items) Pertaining to the City of Oakland California Jail Closure à KTVU Channel ââ¬â2 news 11/22/06 reported that violent crimes rise 34.2% this year Summary of Part 1 Crime Offenses, 2003 ââ¬â 2005 à Year à Murder Forcible Rape à Robbery Felony Assault à Burglary Total Larceny Auto Theft Total Offenses 1 Year % Change 2003 109 267 2,445 2,762 4,568 12,551 5,511 28,213 -5.56% 2004 82 262 2,190 2,616 4,324 10,984 6,877 27,335 -3.11% 2005 93 293 2,590 2,543 5,646 7,087 8821 27,073 -0.96% www.oaklandnet.com à à CRIME www.wikepedia.org Though substantial gains have been made as evidenced from the Uniform Crime Reports published by the FBI, the city still ranks high in California for most categories of crime. In the 2006 Morgan Quitno crime rankings, Oakland is ranked the eighth most dangerous city nationwide. Though it fared better than the California cities of Richmond, and San Bernardino, Oakland is the second most dangerous in California after Compton. As of November 2006, Oakland had 132 murders, with the majority of victims and/or murderers from an African American background and the average age being 28 years old. [14] The murder rate increased 21% from only 94 murders in 2005, compared to 88 murders in 2004 being the lowest number down from 108 killings in 2003. The past few years into the millennium saw the lowest amount of murders, compared to the 1990ââ¬â¢s when there were known to be an average of 160 murders in Oakland each year.[15] The majority of the crimes being committed occur in the East and West parts of the city. ABC 7 NEWS Oaklandââ¬â¢s Murder Rate Is Soaring Almost Double Last Year At Same Time à By Vic Lee July 11 ââ¬â KGO ââ¬â Oakland is dealing with a soaring murder rate thatââ¬â¢s almost double the number of homicides right now compared to this time last year. Unless police can slow down the murder spike, the city could face a triple digit murder rate by the end of the year. à The graveyard display next to this church is sobering testimony. There may be more murders, but the profiles of both suspects and victims and the way they die have changed little. The killers and those killed are usually young African American men and the victimsââ¬â¢ last breaths were taken mostly on sidewalks. Off. Roland Holmgren, Oakland police spokesman: ââ¬Å"Most of our homicides happen on the streets and most of our homicides happen due to a gun.â⬠Behind the trigger? The usual causes. Drugs and gangs. This year, the face of those gangs is changing. Lt. Ersie Joyner, Oakland police homicide: ââ¬Å"Hispanic gangs are up 20 to 25 percent. The victims are also young male Hispanics.â⬠In 1992, homicides reached record levels in Oakland. By July of that year, 106 people had been murdered, up more than 40 percent from the previous year. City officials considered drastic measures like curfews, street barricades and check points. The FBI and the state attorney general sent help to Oakland police. Likewise, federal narcotics agents have now joined forces with Oakland police who are now targeting high crime areas. Off. Roland Holmgren, Oakland police spokesman: ââ¬Å"This strategic area command gives command the flexibility to move officers throughout the city to attack hot spots.â⬠That strategy appears to be paying off with other crimes like rapes and domestic violence. Police have a problem in solving these crimes, which is common in other cities as well, and thatââ¬â¢s the reluctance of witnesses to come forward. The city of Oakland is just 23 shy of last yearââ¬â¢s record for the entire year. ABC 7 News 6/12/06 Oaklandââ¬â¢s murder rate is rising five times faster than the country at large. Whatââ¬â¢s the reason for the big jump in murder? Law enforcement cites readily available handguns, gang and drug activity and disrespect for life. Other crimes in Oakland showed big increases too. Rape was up nearly 12 percent; car thefts and burglaries up nearly 30 percent; robbery up 18 percent ââ¬â some of it in neighborhoods not accustomed to crime. Oakland police are trying a number of different strategies to fight crime including saturating high crime neighborhoods with police as they did this weekend. North Gate News Online ââ¬â Reporting by the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism Murders Go Up and Oakland Tries to Understand Why By Carola Mamberto , October 2, 2006 09:56 AM OAKLAND ââ¬â As murders continue to plague the streets of Oakland ââ¬â Most killings took place in the West Oakland and Elmhurst neighborhoods, and often did not have a known motive, although the police department believes they were mainly gang-related. The highest rate of murders was among 20 to 24 year olds. Victims were mainly African American (77%), as were suspects (63%). The average age of suspects was 28 years. The majority of them were not employed anywhere: 45% were actually under the care of the criminal justice system ââ¬â either on parole or probation ââ¬â when the murder occurred. ââ¬Å"Violent homicide and suicide take the lives of more than 50,000 people in the United States each year, and are the third and fourth leading causes of death for people under 39 years of age. In Oakland, a city of 400,000, the death rate is 25.6 per 100,000 people, four times higher than the national rate of 6.1, according to the Alameda Country Public Health Department report. More than 80% of violent crimes in the county occur in Oakland or to Oakland residents. Murders are up 21% from last year: so far there have been 20 more killings in the city compared to September 2005. ââ¬Å"Weââ¬â¢re in the middle of a public health crisis here, itââ¬â¢s very important that we look at the problem in a more comprehensive way and start addressing the root causes of violence rather than its consequences,â⬠said Beyers. ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s all about thinking of it as a preventable disease,â⬠he said. So far, the City of Oakland has adopted a mixed strategy to curb violence, combining tough enforcement with more prevention-oriented projects. In 2004, voters passed the Measure Y which sought $19.9 million a year for crime prevention, parolee jobs, youth programs and 63 new police officers, all paid through increased parking fees and a 10-year annual parcel tax. The measure is still far from being implemented, city officials say, mainly because of staff shortages, especially within the Oakland Police Department. This summer, as murder rates spiraled, police unveiled a plan to trace the cityââ¬â¢s 100 most violent residents. à APPENDIX B ââ¬â Results of Personal Interview with Local Residents of Oakland City (A Prime Research Data) à Following are the results of my personal interview with some of the local residents of Oakland City, California: Mr. Yoichai who is a formal prison guard expressed anger over the closed of the jail, as a result of the closure he lost his job. Mr. Pace & Mr. Bunger who were Correction Officers that lost their job as a result of the jail closure. These two gentlemen explains that as the result of the jail closure, not enough officers patrolling the streets because most officers are spending a lot of time on the freeway stuck in traffic ( during heavy traffic hour) trying to transport arresters to the Alameda County Jail. Once they get their they have to await longer than the Oakland City Jail.à Investigators have to go all the way to the County Jail to interview inmates versus where they can just walk to the Oakland City Jail and get it done quicker and more convenience.à Also the cost of gas, wear & tear of vehicles and overtime pay for those officers who get stuck on freeway and for officers who have to stay late or come in early while other officers are stuck on freeway. Mrs. Lauder who lives in 14th Ave and E. 27th for 20+ years and never experience or witness and violent crimes until October of 2005.à She witnessed a man was stabbed to death in front of her house. Mr. Pardoza who lives on Grand Street for 15+ years his house for the first time wasà burglarized on July 2006 and a month later his neighbor was robbed at gun point in front of his house à Bibliography ABC 7 News (6/12/06). Bennis, W. (1989). On Becoming a Leader. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Bowerman, B. L. & Oââ¬â¢Connell, R. T. (2003). Business Statistics In Practice. (3rd Ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. Brill, P. L. & Worth, R. (1997). The Four Levers of Corporate Change. New York: American Management Association (AMACOM). Cohen, A. (1993). The Portable MBA in Management. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. CRIME. www.wikepedia.org Juran, J. M. & Godfray, A. B. (Eds.) (1999). Juranââ¬â¢s Quality Handbook. (5th Ed.) New York: McGraw-Hill. KTVU Channel (11/22/06). 2 news reported that violent crimes rise 34.2% this year. www.oaklandnet.com. Lee, V. (July 11, 2006). Oaklandââ¬â¢s Murder Rate Is Soaring Almost Double Last Year At Same Time.à ABC 7 NEWS. Mamberto , C. (October 2, 2006). Murders Go Up and Oakland Tries to Understand Why. North Gate News Online ââ¬â Reporting by the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism: Oakland. Noe, Raymond A., Hollenbeck, John R., Gerhart, Barry, & Wright, Patrick M. (2000). Human Resource Management Gaining a Competitive Advantage (3rd Ed.). Boston, MA: Mc-Graw Hill. Scholtes, P. R. (1998). The Leaderââ¬â¢s Handbook Making things Happen, Getting Things Done. New York: McGraw-Hill. Zand, D. E. (1997). The Leadership Triad Knowledge, Trust, and Power. New York: Oxford University Press. henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-44227821877363211712020-01-09T10:06:00.001-08:002020-01-09T10:06:04.070-08:00Power of Irony in Literature Essay - 1243 Words Strictly speaking, irony is simply a discordance or incongruity of facts. It arises when a discrepancy occurs between what a person says and what he does . Chua, in his Enjoying Fiction discusses that there are three forms of irony that exist in literature. These are the verbal, situational and dramatic ironies. When used properly, the irony as an element of fiction not only arouses the interest of the readers but also supplements the message that the author intends to translate. There are several literary works that epitomize the proper and exquisite use of irony. If we consider dramatic irony, the most appropriate example to attest to what irony can do to a literary work if used effectively, is Sophoclesââ¬â¢ Oedipus Rex.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The story revolves around a lottery, an annual lottery that is witnessed by the entire town. Mr. Summers has been for many years the administrator of this activity and through the years he carried this black box, now no longer blac k, a victim of time, that contained what used to be wooden chips but have been replaces by paper slips. For many years, Mr. Summers had attempted to replace this wooden box, but he lived in a town that did not want to upset tradition [5]. In the end, we find out that it is no ordinary lottery. The winner does not receive a prize of any sort, instead we find out that the winner has to be stoned to death. The story closes with a boy stoning his mother to death [70-78]. First, we have to analyze how the irony was developed in the story. Jackson, by painting a rather harmless ambience, as I said earlier, misleads the reader to believing that the theme of the story is relatively light, the reader through this strategy will be unable to anticipate such a twisted ending. She supplements this by using a relatively light tone through her story. Even at the ending, her descriptions are straightforward and light but the mood that it ensues is haunting and gloomy. This sort of approach fed the situational irony reach to its highest level, making it stand-out and even exemplify the ââ¬Å"powerâ⬠of the story. There also several messages that the Jackson wishesShow MoreRelatedJane Austens Influence in the Romantic Period958 Words à |à 4 PagesVictorian era served as a transition between the Romantic period and the literature of the twentieth centuryâ⬠(Victorian Literature.). 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Swift makes his point by stringing together a dreadfully twisted set of morally untenable positions in order to cast blame and aspersions on his intended audience. Jonathan Swiftââ¬â¢s henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-64041532885530276602020-01-01T06:32:00.001-08:002020-01-01T06:32:04.101-08:00Informal Learning - 926 Words Informal Learning The fear of heights or acrophobia seems to be a normal fear for those afflicted with it. It would seem that this fear is a basic way to protect ourselves from falls that could do serious harm. This fear is not universal, and luckily so. We would have many unclean windows on skyscrapers and our electric lines would be out of repair or nonexistent. This paper will look at the informal learning experience that can bring about acrophobia. Informal learning is an undirected form of learning that does not take place under an instructor or in a class room. It is generally unconscious and difficult to quantify. Focusing on acrophobia, the idea that heights are dangerous is all-around us. There are signs around usâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦We have a degree of understanding at birth that heights can be harmful. Once you show that you can fall from a height we see the possible outcome fear is instilled. Now the conditioned stimulus of the tree shows that heights are bad and can hurt you and the conditioned response is fear. If we apply the same scenario to operant conditioning we will see that the same education could occur. If every time I climbed a tree, I fell out and hurt myself or saw someone else get hurt I would associate heights with falling and become scared of heights. The operant in this scenario is the climbing. A great deal of our learning falls under the cognitive-social learning theory. I observed my friend fall from the tree and it did show that heights can be dangerous. I knew that they were ,but it needed reinforced. Through observational learning I was engaged in the activity at the time so attention was being paid, and because of the shock of the incident retention was achieved. I saw that reproduction could only occur if I were back at a height able to hurt me and the fact that it could not if I did not climb the tree anymore was reinforcement. In the end I learned to be cautious around heights because you can hurt yourself severely if you are not careful. I went through a time where I was very scared of heights but got over it byShow MoreRelatedFormal Learning And Informal Learning Essay1541 Words à |à 7 PagesLearning is the process of gaining knowledge about various issues that affects our lives and wellbeing. The learning takes place each and every day of our lives at any place and time. There are two ways in which learning takes place. There is the formal learning and informal learning. In most cases, the formal learning is got from various learning institutions which indeed have set rules and regulations on how the running takes place. Various tests are set to help in gauging whether the student isRead MoreFormal versus Informal Learning Essay2022 Words à |à 9 PagesFormal and Informal Learning environments for employees Structured and programmed training venues are designed to equip the employee, supervisor, and manager with the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to startup, maintain, and improve services and products provided to general public on a global scale. Formal training is generally the focus of most organizations when discussing the return on investment in the form of revenue generation or in the case of governments, efficiency in utilizingRead MoreInformal Learning Experience734 Words à |à 3 Pagesï » ¿Informal Learning Experience Objective The objective of this study is to examine an informal learning experience such as how someone might have a fear of height or how a particular food or smell moves the individual emotionally or why someone develops the fear of elevators. For the purpose of this study the reason an individual would fear public speaking is examined and the importance of informal learning for gaining experience and confidence in public speaking. Informal Learning I. The informalRead MoreHow Will Learner Centered Designs Bridge The Gap Between Formal And Informal Learning?977 Words à |à 4 Pages How Will Learner-Centered Designs Bridge the Gap Between Formal and Informal Learning? Laura Maltagliati, Lisa Nowacky, Reece Tamaye University of Hawaii Maui College How Will Student-Centered Designs Bridge the Gap Between Formal and Informal Learning? Technological advances in the 21st century have changed the world of education forever. The refinement of web-based technology has allowed a growing number of institutions to offer increasingly complex online education coursesRead MoreImportance Of Informal Assessments On Students Learning With Learning, And Expanded Scholarly Accomplishment922 Words à |à 4 Pagesconnected with large amounts of student self-viability, profound ways to deal with learning, and expanded scholarly accomplishment (Alkharusi, 2015). Informal assessments is a technique for acquiring data that can be utilized to make judgments about students learning conduct and attributes or projects utilizing means other than standardized methods. I will guide the teacher to using the exiting card approach. Exit cards are a speedy evaluation instrument that instructors can use to bring awarenessRead MoreWomen s Bargaining Power Within The Household Sphere1562 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe wider public sphere (1) An opportunity to choose Informal employment is the active choice of women which accords women empowerment of making life choices. Choice theory supported this view that informal employment as a humanistic approach to employment for women gives women a new alternative to the traditional male labor market, which reduces the incoordination between work and family for women. (Weller and Serow, 1985) Attending informal work is the active choice of women. Conversely, someRead MoreInformal Group Within an Organisation6002 Words à |à 25 PagesQUESTION: Identify an informal group in an organisation. Interact with group members and get their views on the group set up, group members roles and functions, level of achievement of group goals, challenges facing group cohesiveness/ division in group leader-group member relationship. Informal Groups within an Organisation :( a case study of hospital) Abstract Organizations contain formal groups which have been put into place by the specific tasks, in order to further the aims of the organisationRead MoreBasic Concepts Of Organization Design1497 Words à |à 6 Pageschanges cause organizational problems within the structure. Formal and informal organizations: ââ¬Å"A formal organization can be a system of coordinated activities in which groups of people work cooperatively under authority and leadership toward a common goal. Formal structure has the added value of providing people with a sense of securityâ⬠(Armstrong, 2012). ââ¬Å"An informal organization always exist alongside the formal one. Informal organizations help the organization to achieve its aims. On occasionsRead MoreLeadership Behavior2436 Words à |à 10 Pagesmust make the consequences for the individual positive 5. Identify at least five of the ââ¬Å"do and donââ¬â¢tâ⬠tips for building employee self-efficacy. 1. Plenty of practice so mastery (as defined by the training objectives) is reached. 2. Break learning into series of obtainable endpoints to helpself-confirmation of skills. 3. Provide feedback on progress (not shortfalls) and contributions 4. Carefully select models used in the training to have similar characteristics as the trainees. 5Read MoreInformal Organization And Recognizing Signs Of Trouble865 Words à |à 4 PagesInformal Organization Recognizing Signs of Trouble Goldsmith and Katzenbach (2007) review ways that individuals can improve their job performance through the utilization of informal connections and exchanges. Bartolomà © (1993) endorses management recognition of potential subordinate problems that could lead to larger crises. This journal entry will discuss the ways in which organizational learning and effectiveness can be impacted by informal organization and early discernment of problems by managers henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-34814193111647869252019-12-24T02:18:00.001-08:002019-12-24T02:18:03.409-08:00The Soviet Union Was A Totalitarian State - 909 Words George Orwell once said ââ¬Å"Big Brother is watching you.â⬠This simple, yet seamless, quote can summarize the governmentââ¬â¢s rule that once cast a thick cloud over the Soviet Union. John Scottââ¬â¢s recounts prove that the Soviet Union had absolute control over the freedom, will, and thoughts of all the people that inhabited the domain. Through hardship, lack of supplies, poor working conditions, and the mistrust of the soviet people, I believe the Soviet Union was a Totalitarian State. A Totalitarian Regime exercises control over all political, social, and economical activities in a nation. When John Scott left the United States he didnââ¬â¢t take this into consideration. He was a young ambitious man whose nation was in the midst of a great depression, and he wanted out. When he caught wind that the Soviet Union had nearly a 100% employment rate, he wanted to be a part of that 100%. When he left the US, destined for the Soviet Union, he stopped in German y and was setback by the amount of healthy men out of work who were living with their parents (4). This opened his eyes, making him realize the depression was taking its toll on the world as a whole, not just the United States. Finally, after becoming legal in the Soviet Union, John Scott landed a job constructing Furnaces at Magnitogorsk (5). Magnitogorsk was a massive industrial city that was held at the mercy of the Totalitarian Regime in charge of the Soviet Union. Many people at Magnitogorsk were felons, peasants,Show MoreRelatedNineteen Eighty Four : A Warning For The Future1123 Words à |à 5 PagesNineteen Eighty-Four, WWII was just coming to an end. The late 40ââ¬â¢s was also the start of the Cold War. The Cold war brought along much fear of communist governments, such as the Soviet Union, becoming a world power. Orwell was one of the people who feared a dictatorship coming to power. He wanted to warn the population of what could happen if a totalitarian governmen t became a world power. In order to do such a thing, Orwell decided to write a book. The book he wrote was Nineteen Eighty-Four, it isRead MoreThe Soviet Union and Nazi Germany in the 1930s as Totalitarian States1265 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Soviet Union and Nazi Germany in the 1930s as Totalitarian States A totalitarian state usually refers to a country in which the central government has total control over almost all aspects of peoples life. Main features include an infallible leader, one-party rule, elitism, strict party discipline, purges against enemies and political dissidents, planned economy, strong armaments, indoctrination, encouragement of nationalism, an official doctrine that everybody has Read MoreWorld War II : A Totalitarian Government Essay1646 Words à |à 7 Pagessystem behind many countries. The totalitarian form of government began with the reign of Joseph Stalin, the dictator of The Soviet Union, and Adolf Hitler, the dictator of Germany. A totalitarian government is known as a society that is run by a dictator, but not all dictatorships are from a totalitarian government (4.). Those living in a totalitarian society have little to no freedom and are controlled by the government. Another word to refer to the totalitarian government system is the word fascismRead MoreNazi Germany And The Soviet Union Under The Rule Of Adolf Hitler1226 Words à |à 5 Pagesthrough the country s use of technology, propaganda, and horror. A totalitarian government tries to not only control all political and economic factors, but also the values, attitudes, and ideas of its overall population, eradicating the existing society with a utopian one. Many totalitarian methods, however, have distinguished ideological intentions. For example, the states most generally characterized as totalitarian are the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin and Nazi Germany under the rule of Adolf HitlerRead MoreA Totalitarian State Of The Soviet Union1552 Words à |à 7 Pages A totalitarian state gave the government all of the power over society and seeks control over every aspect in regard of it citizens whether public or private which originated in the year of 1923. Germany, Italy, Soviet Union, and Spain all were totalitarian states at once upon time. Totalitarian states all begun with the most powerful, crucial leaders to date. All of the leaders have something in common, they all wanted power. They all realized that with power comes great responsibility, they gaveRead MoreFrom the Russian Empire to the Soviet Union Essay1354 Words à |à 6 PagesIt was not until after World War I that Russia began to un dergo a series of changes. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, the former Russian empire that had existed from 1721 up until then collapsed, and the Soviet Union was introduced. The geographic renaming of Russia from the Russian Empire to the Soviet Union also brought about many gradual changes. There were also changes in religion, as the new government replaced the role of the Orthodox Church. There was an increase in nationalism becauseRead MoreDramtic Changes in the Soviet Union After Stalins Death1181 Words à |à 5 PagesThrough the history of the Soviet Union, extreme control by the government has been a defining factor in how the country is run. Totalitarianism has been an easy way to classify the Stalinist government under the state. When Stalin died the state dramatically changed. Through the Khrushchev and Brezhnev periods the USSR did not remain a totalitarian state. Under Stalin existed a totalitarian state. Totalitarianism is define as a state that has an official ideology, mass party rule, terroristic policeRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Soviet Union1451 Words à |à 6 PagesSobolev, A One of the most revolutionary historical events in the 20th century was the collapse of the Soviet Union in late 1991. The dissolution of the USSR was at the time, not immediately foreseen nor expected. There was neither a civil war nor peopleââ¬â¢s revolution in a military coup that stormed the Kingââ¬â¢s castle. The only very evident factor, however, was that the economy of the Soviet Union preceding its dissolution was in free fall to be eventually coined the Era of Stagnation. But an economyRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II1684 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Soviet Union played an important role in the events of the 20th century in both direct and indirect ways. The rise of the Soviet Union by the end of the Russian Revolution played a significant role in the way that World War I played out; it played a crucial role in the defeat of Nazi Germany during World War II. It was the formidable rival of the United States during the Cold War, during which every action it to ok was viewed with angst by the West. With the level of influence the Soviet UnionRead MoreJoseph Stalin Essay example1133 Words à |à 5 PagesJoseph Stalin, whose real name is Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, was born on December 21, 1879 in the small town of Gori, Georgia. His family was poor and he was the only child of four to survive. His father was a shoemaker. He was a heavy drinker and died from wounds in a brawl when Stalin was 11 years old. His mother was a pious and hardworking woman. She wanted her son to have a good life so she entered him into priesthood. He attended elementary school run by the Orthodox Church and went henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-69476161030508788052019-12-15T22:47:00.001-08:002019-12-15T22:47:04.430-08:00Fight On Free Essays Heritage Hall is filled with retired jerseys, trophies and game balls. Over the past 125 years, Cussââ¬â¢s football team has fielded more Hessian trophy winners than any other school with seven. 37 of its players has been elected and enshrined in the College Football Hall Of Fame. We will write a custom essay sample on Fight On or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this hallow hall also stands Cussââ¬â¢s 11 National championship trophies; with its last trophy in 2004. The dim lights enshrined memorabilia and revered site all adds to the game day experience. From Heritage Hall, the next stop is the Grand Old Lady or commonly referred to as ââ¬ËThe Coliseumâ⬠. Outside the Coliseum is the diehard, devoted fan base. At 7 am the parking lot is filled with diehard fans that come early to tailgate prior to the game. As you make your way to the entrance of the Coliseum the spices and smell of perfectly seasoned food attacks your senses. You canââ¬â¢t help but notice the camaraderie and friendships formed while the alcohol flows. It is in the parking lot you see the dedication and years of loyalty displayed by its fans. In the front row nearest to the stadium stands the most dedicated fan. An older man, scruffy looking stands next to his Winnebago. He is dressed in the traditional garbs for the day. His Winnebago is covered from front to back in Cardinal and Gold; from his speakers blares the schools song ââ¬ËAught Onââ¬â¢. Walking by he gives you the greeting of the day ââ¬ËFight onââ¬â¢ and talks about the upcoming slaughter that is to commence shortly. Following the steady flow of fans you start to take in the beauty and craftsmanship in the construction of the stadium. The architect spared no expense in the details of this finely designed piece of modern history. At the entrance of this modern Art Deco inspired stadium stands two bronze statues o commemorate ââ¬Å"Olympic Gatewayâ⬠. Looking around, the stadium features long horizontal lines that flow as smooth as the Mississippi River. The curves and portholes reminiscent of womanââ¬â¢s body pay tribute to the old Greek and Roman style. The closer you get to the stadium you begin to hear the roar of the crowd. The stadium trembles as 93,000 Cardinal and Gold clad fans chant and cheer for their favorite football team. Down on the sideline is Tommy Trojan and his majestic white steed Traveler. Next to them is the beautiful USC ââ¬ËSong Girlsââ¬â¢ as they await the teamââ¬â¢s entrance into the stadium. In the North Tunnel you can see the team walking toward the field. Hand and Hand the players march as one team. U-S-C, U-S-C chants are deafening as they run out onto the field escorted by Tommy Trojan and the Song Girls. Seeing the players trotting onto the field the fans are riled up into a frenzied state. At that moment the Spirit of Troy Marching Band strikes up to the tune of Seven Nation Army. The crowd responds by singing along. You can see the fear in the opponentââ¬â¢s eyes as they await their fate. After all the prename festivities, kickoff has finally arrived. Tommy Trojan and Traveler make their way to mid field. His armor is clean, on the brightest day you can see your reflection. With precision and accuracy he swings his blade. His movements are flawless his blade slices thru the air like a hot knife thru butter and with authority he buries his sword deep into the field. Itââ¬â¢s game time! As the game goes on the crowd is fully engaged. With every tackle, catch; you hear the crowds JOSH and SHAHS. When USC scores a touchdown the crowd becomes chaotic, like animals that has tasted blood and is awaiting the final kill. High fives and hugs are seen around the stadium. It is a good day, from the opening kickoff to the final sound Of the game a USC Game produces on every level. From the history viewed thru the glass at Heritage Hall to the prename festivities at the Coliseum USC Football games are one for the history books. The dedication of an overwhelming fan base; plus the high expectations makes for an outstanding game day atmosphere. The fans, traditions and championships makes the University of Southern California Football game the ultimate game day experience. How to cite Fight On, Papers henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-39476503040949067622019-12-07T19:31:00.001-08:002019-12-07T19:31:02.301-08:00Innovation is not Business As Usual Samples â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about the Innovation is not Business As Usual. Answer: Introduction Innovation managementis a process that is associated with the change management. However, innovation is not only a business it refers to the improvement of the existing idea and knowledge of the individuals (Dangelico et al. 2017). On the other hand, by providing innovative idea the business owner is not able to get success. However, besides innovation, other elements like market analysis, competitors' analysis and demand of the target audience are necessary for any business. Therefore, for a successful business innovation, there should be the resemblance between the new and existing product and the innovation should be customer oriented. This literature review will focus on the innovation in the context of George Weston Food in Australia. This organization is a well-known food manufacturer in Australia. Hence, the purpose of such study is to understand the proper innovation process and the consequences of the innovation process associated with this organization. Moreover, the driver s of product innovation will be critically analyzed in this literature review. Identification of the business context and drivers of product innovation George Weston Food Limited is one of the popular Australian food manufacturers and it is associated with the development of British food and diversified international foods. However, they offer the high quality product to the customers. Processed meat is one of the innovative items of such organization. They have started to provide processed meat to the customers on special occasion. Providing fresh and processed meat is a new innovation of such organization (Weston.ca 2017). Four key drivers are associated with the business innovation including inventor, entrepreneurs, and extreme individual and super mentors. However, the inventor brings the new idea for the product innovation in an organization. Hence, by using the natural talent the inventor absorbs information and nurtured it. Entrepreneurs manage the creativity that is associated with new ideas. However, the team members come with the new ideas to their managers and the manager encourages them by accepting their ideas and by providing them reward that leads the employees to develop more innovative ideas (Zaefarian et al. 2017). On the other hand, the extreme individuals are associated with the building relationship with the team members in an organization. A strong relationship between the employees in an organization boosts the creativity of a team associated with some new ideas (Rodrguez et al. 2017). Moreover, the super mentor creates a good culture for the innovation as cultural change leads the innovation to be more regular within an organization. However, in the context of George Weston Food super mentor is required to give shape their innovation by establishing a good culture in this organization. This will allow the organization to gain success by offering the processed meat during the occasion, which is their new innovation. Development and the implementation of the product Development and implementation of a new product consisting of various stages that need to follow and maintain properly by an organization. In the context of George Weston Food, they are going to innovate processed meat by reducing the sodium from the meat. According to the WHO it is essential for the food industry to reduce sodium content from the food and make it healthy (Zaefarian et al. 2017). In order to give shape their new idea, it is important to use the latest technology to design the new product according to the need of the target market. Best practices should be incorporated to develop the new products (Hu and Zhou 2017). Apart from this establishment of the collaborative learning culture within the organization is crucial for the development of the product. In order to develop and implement a new product involvement of strategy is essential. Definition of the product features and development of the pricing is necessary for the implementation of the innovative product. Different groups are involved as for example both internal and external stakeholders are associated with the implementation and development of the new product (Zhan et al. 2017). Internal stakeholders refer to the employees and external stakeholders refer to the clients and the audit agency. In the context of George Weston Food, they want to offer processed meat thus the external agency needs to carry out an inspection about the reduction of sodium from the meat as processed meat should be sodium free. Therefore, the internal stakeholders that are the employees are associated with the development of the new products by creating the proper strategy. On the other hand, George Weston Food want to innovate their product during the Christmas occasion thus a proper market research is required in order to identify the current demand of the target market during thi s occasion. The cost of the entire innovation process is $45 million as the development of processed sodium free processed meat requires high investment. Positive and negative impact of the product innovation in context of George Weston Food Product innovation is associated with the business growth for any industry. However, innovation may bring positive and negative effect on the business performance (Mamun 2017). In the context of George Weston Food Ltd., they are going to innovate sodium free processed meat for the Christmas Eve. This innovative idea will lead the business organization to maximize their sales revenue generation during this occasion. However, people are health conscious in the recent years and they want to get ready and healthy food materials that are easy to cook (Wu and Wang 2017). Hence, sodium free processed meat can satisfy the target market in the context of George Weston Food Ltd. Such innovation in the product feature will attract the customers towards this product and leads this organization to gain competitive advantages in the global market. On the other hand, development and implementation of the new product will improve the brand image of such organization and customer loyalty as well as i t also increases the customer numbers in this particular occasion. Innovation often leaves the negative effect on the organization if the operation during the innovation is not maintained properly (Cui and Wu 2016). In the context of George Weston Food Ltd., they are going to develop sodium free processed meat. However, reduction of sodium from the food is associated with the increased cost that may enhance the production cost of such organization. Hence, high cost during the production leads the organization to face loss in their business. For every business organization, it is important to develop the specific innovative idea that is cost effective otherwise it may hamper the growth of a business. Therefore, innovation should be current market oriented (Zaefarian et al. 2017). However, if George Weston Food innovates their product without detecting the demand of the current market then it will be too hard to them to achieve success through this innovation. This organization will face huge loss through their innovation due to lack of proper market research. Apart from this high cost of the processed meat during the Christmas can decrease the sale of the organization as people want the quality product with low price. Hence, due to high production cost, it is difficult for this organization to give the discount in their product sale, which affects their business. Identification of the consequences during product innovation Product innovation leads the organization to face major changes in their production. However, both negative and positive outcomes are generated during the innovation of the product (Jean et al. 2014). In the context of George Weston Food Ltd., they want to innovate processed meat that is completely sodium free in nature. This innovation is associated with the high production cost. As a result, such organization needs to invest more in such innovation, which brings changes in their budget plan for production cost. Hence, it can be demonstrated that innovation is not a business as to give shape an innovative idea a huge investment is required in the production. Therefore, the proper market analysis is another vital area related to the innovation (Mamun 2017). George Weston Food limited is going to launch sodium free processed meat during the Christmas Eve. Hence, it is important for such organization to develop new strategy and skills to carry out a proper market research to understand the current demand (Ngo and O'cass 2013). For this reason, this organization needs to incorporate new strategy and recruit newly skilled staffs for market research and the existing staffs also try to improve their skill to generate the innovative idea. This leads the organization to achieve competitiveness in the market and high sales revenue. Therefore, use of modern technology brings changes in the existing system and the operation cost for the innovation of new products. From the above consequences it can be justified that innovation of a product is not a business it is the creativity and it triggers changes in an organizational culture and system that influences the existing process and growth of an organization. Conclusion The current piece of work reveals a brief overview regarding the product innovation in the context of George Weston Food Ltd. According to me, innovation is not only a business strategy but also a creative work that is done by the employees through improving their existing skills. On the other hand, innovation makes changes in the existing system and strategy of an organization by encouraging the staffs towards the product development. Hence, it can be said that innovation is a process of improvement of the business, product and the skill of the employees. Regarding me, innovation may leave the positive and negative effect on the organization. However, proper maintenance of the each stage of innovation leaves the positive effect on the organizational performance while poor market research during innovation affects the organizational growth. References Cui, A.S. and Wu, F., 2016. Utilizing customer knowledge in innovation: antecedents and impact of customer involvement on new product performance.Journal of the academy of marketing science,44(4), pp.516-538. Dangelico, R.M., Pujari, D. and Pontrandolfo, P., 2017. Green Product Innovation in Manufacturing Firms: A Sustainability?Oriented Dynamic Capability Perspective.Business Strategy and the Environment,26(4), pp.490-506. Hu, J. and Zhou, K., 2017. From User Scenario to Design Strategy: Practice Research on Product Innovation. InAdvances in Human Factors and System Interactions(pp. 377-382). Springer International Publishing. Jean, R.J., Sinkovics, R.R. and Hiebaum, T.P., 2014. The effects of supplier involvement and knowledge protection on product innovation in customersupplier relationships: a study of global automotive suppliers in China.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(1), pp.98-113. Mamun, A.A., 2017. Innovation Among Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises: A Cross-Industry Comparison.Advanced Science Letters,23(4), pp.2658-2662. Ngo, L.V. and O'cass, A., 2013. Innovation and business success: The mediating role of customer participation.Journal of Business Research,66(8), pp.1134-1142. Rodrguez, A., Nieto, M.J. and Santamara, L., 2017, June. On the relationship between coopetition and innovation: Disentangling some influential factors. InTechnology Engineering Management Conference (TEMSCON), 2017 IEEE(pp. 47-48). IEEE. Weston.ca. 2017.George Weston Food Limited. [online] Available at: https://www.weston.ca/en/Home.aspx [Accessed 4 Sep. 2017]. Wu, A. and Wang, C.C., 2017. Knowledge Search Pattern and Product Innovation of Firms in Low and High?Technology Industrial Clusters: A Knowledge Relatedness Perspective.Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie,108(4), pp.488-502. Zaefarian, G., Forkmann, S., Mitr?ga, M. and Henneberg, S.C., 2017. A capability perspective on relationship ending and its impact on product innovation success and firm performance.Long Range Planning,50(2), pp.184-199. Zaefarian, G., Forkmann, S., Mitr?ga, M. and Henneberg, S.C., 2017. A capability perspective on relationship ending and its impact on product innovation success and firm performance.Long Range Planning,50(2), pp.184-199. Zhan, Y., Zhan, Y., Tan, K.H., Tan, K.H., Ji, G., Ji, G., Chung, L., Chung, L., Tseng, M. and Tseng, M., 2017. A big data framework for facilitating product innovation processes.Business ProcessManagement Journal,23(3), pp.518-536. henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-8106327402129293352019-11-30T07:13:00.001-08:002019-11-30T07:13:02.524-08:00Management Practices free essay sample Who are Managers A manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished. A managerââ¬â¢s job is not about personal achievements-it is about helping others do their work. That may mean coordinating the work of a departmental group, or it might mean supervising a single person. It could involve coordinating the work activities of a team of people from different departments or even people outside the organization, such as temporary employees or employees who work for organizationââ¬â¢s suppliers. A managerââ¬â¢s work may also include duties not related to coordinating and overseeing othersââ¬â¢ work. A manager is one who contributes to the organizationââ¬â¢s goals indirectly by directing the efforts of others-not by performing the task himself. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Practices or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On the other hand, a person who is not a manager makes his contribution to the organizationââ¬â¢s goals directly by performing the task himself. What is Management Simply speaking, management is what managers do. Management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively, by the people responsible for doing them. According to Mary Parker Follett, ââ¬Å"Management is the art of getting things done through peopleâ⬠. (by being with them) Two weaknesses of Mary Parker Follettââ¬â¢s Definition are:- 1. It uses the word ââ¬Å"artâ⬠in defining management. To say that management is merely an art is to state a half-truth. Art deals with the application of knowledge. Management is not merely application of knowledge. It also involves acquisition of knowledge i. e. science. Management based on rules of thumb or intuition is not correct management. 2. This definition does not throw light on various functions of a manager. George R Terry defines management as a process ââ¬Å"consisting of planning, organizing, actuating and controlling, performed to determine and accomplish the objectives by the use of people and resources. â⬠This definition highlights:- 1. Management is a process-systematic way of doing things 2. Four management activities included in this process are: planning, organizing, actuating and controlling. 3. Planning means that managers think of their ctions in advance, which are usually based on some method, plan or logic, rather than on a hunch. Organizing means that managers coordinate the human and managerial resources of the organization. Actuating means that managers motivate and direct subordinates. henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-25633037711575094802019-11-26T01:50:00.001-08:002019-11-26T01:50:05.508-08:00Soviet Union and de-Stalinization EssaysSoviet Union and de-Stalinization Essays Soviet Union and de-Stalinization Essay Soviet Union and de-Stalinization Essay Soviet Union Leaders in the Post Stalin Era Kareem M. Khalil Fall 2010-2011 Lebanese American University Outline I. The Soviet Union: a. Background about the Soviet Union from 1917-1953. b. Vladimir Lenin. c. Joseph Stalin. II. Nikita Khrushchev: a. Rise to power. b. De-Stalinization. c. Reforms and domestic policies. d. Foreign Policy. e. Expulsion from power. III. Leonid Brezhnev: a. Rise to Power. b. Domestic Policies. c. Brezhnev Stagnation. d. Foreign Policy. e. Death. IV. Yuri Andropov: a. Rise to Power. b. Domestic Policies. c. Foreign Policy. V. Konstantin Cherenko: d. Policies and short office term. VI. Mikhail Gorbachev: e. Domestic policies f. Foreign policy. g. Fall from power. h. End of the Soviet Union. VII. Conclusion Soviet Union Leaders in the Post Stalin Era The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, simply referred to ask the Soviet Union, was a socialist state that spread from Northern and Eastern Europe to various parts of Central Asia. It dated between the 30th of December 1922 and the 26th of December 1991. Until its collapse in 1991, it consisted of almost 15 constituent republics that are acknowledged today as: ââ¬Å"Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistanâ⬠[ (Rosenberg) ]. The father and founder of the Soviet Union was no other than Vladimir Lenin who managed to set the foundations of the USSR after overthrowing Tsar Nicholas II in November of 1917, and finally establishing a Soviet government in 1922. After asserting himself as the ââ¬Å"Chairman of the Council of Peoples Commissars of the Soviet Unionâ⬠, Lenin began planning and implementing new policies and ideas that would affect the USSR, alter and influence the rest of the world even after he passed away. McCauley (1993) describes some of Leninââ¬â¢s policies during his reign as the following: nationalizing all banks and important business enterprises, distributing lands to peasants, reintegrating several states into Bolshevik Russia, and exporting the communist ideology. After Leninââ¬â¢s death in 1924, Joseph Stalin was appointed as the ââ¬Å"General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). â⬠Stalin, and through outsmarting and slowly banishing his opponents, managed to establish a totalitarian regime and appoint himself as the supreme leader of the Soviet Union in the late 1920ââ¬â¢s. Stalinââ¬â¢s period in office was both devastating and costly to the Soviet Union in especially in its domestic policies. Stalinââ¬â¢s five year economic plan (the rapid industrialization of the USSR) produced remarkable results, but cost the lives of around ââ¬Å"14. 5 million peasantsâ⬠(ââ¬Å" moreorless. au. com/killers/stalin. html, ââ¬Å"), and reaped the lives of almost twenty million people and deported over twenty five others from their homes. Stalinââ¬â¢s gruesome and horrendous rule ended when he died on the 5th of March, 1953. Stalinââ¬â¢s sudden decease left an important void in which many were eager to fill. The outcome of Stalinââ¬â¢s death resulted in a system of collective leadership. The key figures of this communal rule were: ââ¬Å"Nikita Khrushchev, Lavrenti Beria, Nikoli Bulganin, Georgy Malenkov, Vyacheslav Molotov, and, Lazar Kaganovichâ⬠( fortunecity. com/victorian/riley/ 787/Soviet/Khrushchev/Krushchev. html). During this period, the struggle to instigate a premier to head the Soviet Union faced many turbulences and changes. At the beginning, Malenkov assumed power as acting Premier, and Khrushchev undertook his predecessorââ¬â¢s (Stalin) position as First secretary of the CPSU. Subsequently, and by 1955, Georgy Malenkov was forced to relinquish his position as Premier, and was substituted by Nikoli Bulganin (who was supported and favored by Khrushchev). After Stalinââ¬â¢s death, his successors proceeded to diverge from the latterââ¬â¢s cruel and violent strategies. Surprisingly, and in a six hour speech in the 20th Party Congress, Khrushchev criticized and condemned Stalinââ¬â¢s bloody reign. This step forced a considerable amount of pressure to the First Secretary as McCauley (1987) describes, especially with his compatriots in the collective leadership circle. Two assassination attempts later, and a failed expulsion scheme set by Kaganovich, Molotov, and Malenkov against him, Khrushchev still managed to strengthen his power furthermore. Ironically, and in 1958, Nikoli Bulganin was forced to resign by the same man who favored his appointment, and Khrushchev assumed both the position of Premier (on the 27th of March) and First Secretary of the CPSU. Although Khrushchev worked closely and for many years with Stalin, nonetheless he was unusually dissimilar to the latter. Unlike Stalinââ¬â¢s harsh manner and look, Volkogonov (1998) describes Khrushchev as more of a forthcoming, pleasant, humorous, and energetic individual. Their differences are undoubtedly noticeable as Khrushchev embarked on a new policy of De-Stalinization, set to cross out Stalinââ¬â¢s bloody history from the Soviet Unionââ¬â¢s international image and its peopleââ¬â¢s minds. As part of his new policy he began with renaming all the cities that carried Stalinââ¬â¢s name and all pictures and statues of Stalin were destroyed (as not to leave any mark to be a remainder of him). By doing so, Khrushchev managed to obtain an approval from the West and appear as a prominent and distinguished leader than his predecessors, in which Stalin would have almost certainly never acquired or achieved. In his domestic policy, Khrushchev set in motion various agricultural, administrative, and industrial reforms. In the farming sector, he launched his virgin land campaign that sought to improve and ââ¬Å"develop the countryââ¬â¢s virgin land and forestsâ⬠[ (Sakwa, 1999) ], but his strategy proved disastrous. On the administrative level, Khrushchev began with abolishing the courts undertaken by several governmental agencies. He carried one to make the Central Committee assemblies public and open to a large number of Soviet Officials to speak freely in, and used this to his advantage since any declared opposition to him would be shunned out by the large number of his supporters. In the industrial sector, he tried to decentralize ministries and transform them into local councils to become more receptive to any problems or urgent requirements, but these councils did the opposite of what they were anticipated to do. In spite of his decent image with of the West and his more peaceful and reformist approach in the USSR, perhaps little change occurred in his military-defense/foreign policy. He sought after upholding a powerful Communist Eastern bloc. This is clearly revealed with the Warsaw Pact that was set together during his rule. Furthermore, the cold war tension peaked during his reign specifically at the incident of the Cuban Missile Crisis, in which he was utterly disgraced and was forced to withdraw the Russian arsenal from the isle. Following his major failures, and by 1964, Khrushchev was ousted out of office when he was vacationing, and was replaced by another collective leadership composed of Alexei Kosygin, Leonid Brezhnev, and Nikolai Podgorny. However, and between all the members of the ââ¬Å"troikaâ⬠(three members of the collective leadership system), Brezhnev was the most prominent and influential figure. This reason may be attributed to the simplicity of Brezhnevââ¬â¢s character. In his book ââ¬Å"Autopsy for an Empireâ⬠, Volkogonov (1998) portrays the latter as a traditional, team player, and influential figure able to rally large support to his views in any path he desired. Perhaps the characteristics Brezhnev enjoyed enabled him to further rise over his two fellow rulers, and ultimately break free and become the USSRââ¬â¢s sole executive. Throughout his rule of the Soviet Union, Brezhnev implemented a policy to protect and sustain his rule as General Secretary of the CPSU, but at the same time brought about important reforms despite his conventional mentality. Kelley (1987) explains that Brezhnev, like Khrushchev, wanted to leave a mark in history, therefore he attempted many policy reforms. What made him different than other leaders was that Brezhnev acted carefully with every step he took n a certain field while balancing it with another field. Consequently, and by doing so, he was able to handle his critics and avoid any conflict with them and promote a balanced progress. Brezhnevââ¬â¢s domestic policy first focused on Soviet industries. His plan was to merge different factory ââ¬Å"associationsâ⬠whereby weaker factories could be reinfo rced by stronger ones in order to hasten the process of modernization [ (Kelley, 1987) ]. He then carried out to abolish the decentralization plans carried out by his predecessor Khrushchev His other important reforms stemmed from the agricultural sector. Brezhnev kept on the principle of collective farming, ordered all Soviet owned land to be increased by a half a hectare, and introduced new machineries to further facilitate and accelerate production. Despite Brezhnevââ¬â¢s intense investment in agriculture, that particular sector was faced with many droughts that affected production. The result of such disasters forced the USSR to ââ¬Å"import large quantities of grain from Western countriesâ⬠[ (http://countrystudies. us/russia/14. htm) ]. A key feature of Brezhnevââ¬â¢s rule, was the economic stagnation (referred to as the Brezhnev Stagnation) that the USSRââ¬â¢s economy passed through in the mid 1970s. The economic progress had reached its peak during that period, and began to go into stalemate. This can be attributed to several factors being: decreasing standards of living, the small numbers of unemployment that resulted in workers working less and getting paid nonetheless, and the abuse of the Soviet population to the cheap consumer goods and government services. With regards to his foreign policy, Brezhnevââ¬â¢s priority was to reassert the communist influence in the neighboring communist states ââ¬Å"by undermining the influence of Chinaâ⬠[ (http://countrystudies. s/russia/14. htm) ]. China was a growing communist influence in the Asian region, and Mao publicly denounced the Soviet foreign policy at the time. The relations between the USSR and China severely deteriorated to an extent that the armies of both countries went to a small confrontation. On the Eastern side Brezhnev created the ââ¬Å"Brezhnev Doctrineâ⬠, as a result of some events that took place in Cz echoslovakia. Notably in 1979, Brezhnev declared war against Afghanistan (to enforce a communist government) and the issue remained unsettled until the 1980ââ¬â¢s. Several important treaties were signed by Brezhnev at that time including: The Treaty on the ââ¬Å"Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weaponsâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Strategic Arms Limitation Talksâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Anti-Ballistic Missile Treatyâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Interim Agreement on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms. â⬠These treaties helped ease the rising tension of the Cold War Khrushchev initiated and delay the ongoing arms race. Perhaps the most important accomplishment of Brezhnev detente period was the signing of the 1975 Helsinki accord, which strengthened the communists in the Eastern Bloc and raised more antagonism against the US and the West. On November 10th 1982, Brezhnev passed away, and his successor would be Yuri Andropov. The two most notable heirs to the General Secretary of the CPSU position were Konstantin Cherenko and Yuri Andropov. In this short race for to gain the executive position, Andropov had apparent advantage. ââ¬Å"After fifteen years of leading the KGBâ⬠[ (Mrose, 2010) ], he possessed a prolonged experience in both foreign and defense policies and had the advantage to gain support and form a strong and large to replace Brezhnev. Therefore on the 12th of November 1982, Andropov was elected to be the next leader of the Soviet Union. Although his term lasted about fifteen months, his policies and some notable events should be mentioned. Brezhnevââ¬â¢s rule resulted in massive corruption amongst several Soviet officials, and as a result, Andropovââ¬â¢s first policy was to reintroduce party regulations to counter this phenomenon. Furthermore, Andropov wanted to ââ¬Å"boost labor disciplineâ⬠(http://countrystudies. us/russia/15. htm,â⬠). To further explain this point, we refer to the section about how workers became less efficient in Brezhnevââ¬â¢s rule, therefore Andropov provisioned and implemented new rules to regenerate a strong workforce. On the foreign policy level, his rule witnessed even more decline with the U. S especially after the Sovietââ¬â¢s shot down a Korean commercial airplane and killed all its passengers (one being a U. S senator). Perhaps his most important success was finding Mikhail Gorbachev and advancing him towards a higher ranking in the Communist regime. Andropov passed away on the 9th of February, 1984, and was replaced by Konstantin Chernenko. Although Andropovââ¬â¢s wishes was for Gorbachev to replace him, Chernenko (and after a long series of deliberation) was elected to become the new leader of the Soviet Union on the 13th of February, 1984. Kelley (1987) describes the process in which Chernenko reached power as way for the old members of the central committee to preserve their interests on one hand, and because younger member did not figure out their stable path in politics. Due to his very short stay in office, old age, and illness; Chernenko did not have any notable foreign or domestic foreign policy plans. Perhaps the most important event of his time, was the initiation of Gorbachev to replace him. Chernenko passed away on the 10th of March 1985, and was replaced by the final leader of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, on the same day. Mikhail Gorbachev was the youngest elected General Secretary to assume command in the history of the USSR. Volkogonov (1998) describes him to be the 2nd famous worldwide leader Soviet leader after Lenin, and the most contemporary individual amongst them. Gorbachev launched a wide scale reform policy that affected different sectors of the country. His strategy could be summarized into the following: reorganization, more freedom, democratisation, and hastening economic growth. The first goal one Gorbachevââ¬â¢s agenda was to introduce better scientific and technological means and methods in industry and agriculture. Through this means, he aimed at eliminating the long economic stagnation present since the Brezhnev era He soon realized that his aspirations will not have the desired effect unless he changes the political system from within. Therefore Gorbachev replaced several key and old Soviet officials with new energetic and younger ones. He went on to issue laws that control quality production goods, to render the sale of low-grade products. Throughout his industrial/agricultural reform phase, Gorbachev did not abandon his predecessorsââ¬â¢ idea of a central planned economy, and tried to promote and strengthen it even more. With regards to reorganizing party ranks, democratisation, and reducing government control, Gorbachevââ¬â¢s second step was to dissolve the Soviet Supreme rule within itself. What began as changes in members of the Central Committee and keys ministries, evolved to draft plans of multi-candidate elections and assign non- party individuals to several governmental ranks. In 1989, he established ââ¬Å"the Congress of Peopleââ¬â¢s Deputiesâ⬠(a new legislative body) in an attempt to lighten the governmentââ¬â¢s grip. Gorbachev was elected to become the head of state in the same year (General Secretary position was no longer the supreme executive position), and in 1991 he was elected to become the President of the USSR. Gorbachevââ¬â¢s policy of giving more freedom to the Soviet citizenââ¬â¢s was a new method of rule. For the first time perhaps in the USSRââ¬â¢s history, he decreed private ownership laws that enabled individuals to possess their own businesses. He carried on to divide the government owned airlines at that time to several autonomous airlines. Surprisingly, Gorbachev paved the way to a vast and wide ââ¬Å"freedom of speechâ⬠policy to the Soviet citizens. This was used as a tool to silence the conservatives who opposed his reforms. Gorbachevââ¬â¢s new motto with regards to foreign policy was ââ¬Å"new political thinking in international relationsâ⬠(Holloway, 1988). He first began with normalization of relations with the West and especially the United States in order to reduce Cold War tensions. By doing so, he also wished to enhance both economic and diplomatic relations with the West to reach his goals, rather than confrontation or isolation. This step also helped him promote his domestic policies of reform because the United States at that time had the solution to many of Moscowââ¬â¢s problems. n the December 1987 Washington Summit, both countries met to endorse the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. In 1990, the Washington summit was held between the two nations where both countries showed willingness to participate in improving relations on many levels. In addition Gorbachev pursued more diplomatic means with t he United States with regards to arms control. In 1991, both states met in Moscow to sign the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty. Furthermore, Gorbachev enhanced the Soviet Unionââ¬â¢s relations on many sensitive fronts. He engaged in process of improving the relations with China, after the crisis in the Brezhnev era, and succeeded in doing so. The first Soviet-Chinese summit was held on May 1989. Gorbachev carried on to improve relations with Europe where he gave an important speech on the 7th of July, 1987 where ââ¬Å"he insisted on the sovereign right of each people to choose their own social system (ââ¬Å" country-data. com/cgi-bin/query/r-11378. htmlâ⬠, 1996). Finally, the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan in 1989 in accordance with the agreement signed by the US, Pakistan, the USSR, and Afghanistan in 1988. As much as Gorbachevââ¬â¢s foreign and domestic policies seem constructive, yet they yielded several disastrous results. The economic policy brought about by the government resulted in several food and supply scarcities. The decentralization and loosening the governments grip policy outcome was the disintegration of the Soviet Union within itself, and many of its former states declaring independence. Soon enough, and after severe weakening of the Soviet Union, the August coup of 1991, and the creation of the ââ¬Å"Commonwealth of independent statesâ⬠; Gorbachev dissolved the Soviet Union nd Boris Yeltsin became the first president of the non-communist Russia. All great empires must come to an end as history as clearly shown us. Its fair to say that although the communist ideology was promoted as the best alternative to the imperial and capitalist means, its implementation was not close to its teachings. As shown in the above, each leader in the long chain of command in the S oviet Union partially or to a high extent drifted away from the original thoughts of Lenin. Each had his own goals, ways of thought, and policies that he projected in different means. Some even went to the extent of shunning the original foundations of communism and rejecting and insulting old leaders. They all had their different agendas, they just hid behind the shadow of the regime in order to reach higher ranks, implement their goals, and leave their own mark in Russian and international history. Bibliography (n. d. ). Retrieved from fortunecity. com/victorian/riley/787/Soviet/Khrushchev/Krushchev. html. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://countrystudies. us/russia/14. htm. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://countrystudies. s/russia/15. htm (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://countrystudies. us/russia/17. htm (2001, May 23). Retrieved from moreorless. au. com/killers/stalin. html. Holloway, D. (1988). Gorbachevs new thinking. America and the World 1988 , 68 (1). http://countrystudies. us/russia/17. htm. (n. d. ). country-data. com/cgi-bin/query/r-11378. html. (1996, July). Kelley, D. R. (1987). Soviet politics from brezhnev to gorbachev. New York: Praeger Publishers. Mccauley, M. (1987). Khrushchev and khrushchevism. Great Britain: School of Slavonic and Eat European Studies, University of London. McCauley, M. (1993). The soviet union: 1917-1991. London and New York: Longman. Mrose, C. (2010, November 12). Retrieved from https://www. libertycentral. org/today-in-history-yuri-andropov-assumes-power-in-the-soviet-union-2010-11 Rosenberg, M. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://geography. about. com/od/countryinformation/a/ussr. htm. Sakwa, R. (1999). The rise and fall of the soviet union 1917-1991. New York: Routledge. Volkogonov, D. (1998). Autopsy for an empire. New York: The Free If you need a kind of write my essay online help with another paper topic, contact us right now! henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-4990215033835973462019-11-22T09:13:00.001-08:002019-11-22T09:13:07.144-08:00Assessing The Paris Fashionable Concepts Cultural Studies EssayAssessing The Paris Fashionable Concepts Cultural Studies Essay The concept of ââ¬ËParis fashionââ¬â¢ represents one of the most powerful and long-running place in modern history. But even a cursory examination of the way the term has been used draws attention to the complexity of the notion of the fashion capital, and to the complexity of the fashion process itself. The routine description of the city over the past 200 years as the capital world of fashion contribute to this understanding. ::::Downloads:eiffel-tower-1.jpg Figure 2.2 , Eifel Tower in Paris, Available at: http://www.eiffel-tower.us/Eiffel-Tower-Images/eiffel-tower-1.jpg Paris is the ââ¬ËFashion Capital of the Worldââ¬â¢. Paris has long been an international hub of fashion design. Paris is home to many distinguished design houses, such as Chanel, Dior, Yves Saint Laurent, Chloe, Givenchy, Lanvin, Hermes, and Louis Vuitton. Paris is also a premier destination for shopping, with streets such as Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honre and the Champs-Elysees hosting boutiques from des igners around the world. Besides fashion and leather goods, Paris is has a number of well-known jewelers, such as Cartier SA, Boucheron, Chaumet, and Van Cleef Dutch design duo Viktor and Japanese deisgners Yohji Yamamoto, Issey Miyake, and Junya Watanabe. Pinault-Printemps-Redoute and LVMH, the two major holding companies in contemporary fashion, are both headquartered in Paris. Paris has been interpreted as a world centre of fashion because of its distinctive metropolitan cultures of consumption, both in the narrow sense of shops and shopping, and in a broader sense of the practices associated with the wearing of fashionable dress in the spaces of the city. There has been something approaching a naturalization of Parisââ¬â¢s relationship with fashion, often around the elevation of a certain construction of fashionable femininity to a symbol of Parisian superiority. [Fashionââ¬â¢s World Cities, David Gilbert, 2006] ::::Downloads:christian_dior_haute_couture_2009_01.jpg Figur e 2.3 , Christian Dior Haute Couture fashion show 2009, Available at: http://iamfashioncrazy.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/christian_dior_haute_couture_2009_01.jpg Since the seventeenth century, fashion has been an important industry and cultural export of France, and modern ââ¬Å"haute coutureâ⬠originated in Paris in the 1860s. Today, Paris is considered one of the worldââ¬â¢s fashion capitals, along with London, Milan, and New York City, and the city is home or headquarters to many of the premier fashion houses. The culture of Paris and of the French people has been shaped by geography, by profound historical events, and by foreign and internal forces and groups. Paris, has played an important part as a center of high culture and of decorative arts since the seventeenth century, first in Europe, and from the nineteenth century onwards, world wide. From the late nineteenth century, Paris has also played an important role in modern art, cinema, fashion and cuisine. henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-35315756861813665062019-11-20T22:12:00.001-08:002019-11-20T22:12:05.999-08:00Analysis of International Politic Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsAnalysis of International Politic - Article Example mon man, in most cases, for over three to four decades in power and still had no inclination to leave office unless they were over thrown from their lofty pedestals which they inevitably were eventually. The sacrifices of these brave people bore fruit yet gradually but surely the euphoria of getting rid of these corrupt regimes is slowly giving way to a feeling of hopelessness and helplessness. Why? The answer to this simple question is also simple. These dictators ruled their countries with such a strong iron fist that once they are gone they have left behind a huge vacuum which cannot be filled soon. Such was their hold on power that after their removal the whole governmental machinery has come to a halt. Another alarming aspect of this whole scenario is that these rulers were able to extend their illegal governments with the help of the military-mullah nexus. So once they have been booted out of power the only logical substitute are the men in uniform or the Islamic fantasists, an even gloomier prospectus indeed. In fact if we seriously consider the issue these new forces now vying for power in these countries are an extension of the old regimes, as once a scholar wrote: ââ¬Å"New Wine In Old Bottlesâ⬠(Thompson, 1962: 125). It is fully justified to add that the West, especially the successive United States governments, in order to promote their own interests have been instrumental in safeguarding and prolonging these corrupt regimes and the individuals at their helm and are equal to blame for the misery these rulers have perpetuated on their people, by silencing dissent of any kind though the Constitution of the United States guarantees freedoms (like that of speech) for its own citizens. If conclusion if the regressive forces in favor of status quo are once again successful in occupying the echelons of power in these countries America and the West would be solely responsible for all these sacrifices to have been in vain and a black blotch on Western history, henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-9637264626683649982019-11-19T02:45:00.001-08:002019-11-19T02:45:03.794-08:00Cultural Identity Narrative Rubric Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsCultural Identity Narrative Rubric - Essay Example Since the name of this dish combines two completely different and complimenting meals, some may be confused whether it is a rice like cake or cake like rice or both! Rice and cake donââ¬â¢t even serve the same purpose in a traditional feast, with the former being the main course and the latter being the sweet dish or the dessert that is to be served after the main course. In this sense, the name makes it sound like a dish that has mixed the main course with the dessert, that is quite insane to happen. I have resolved to discuss the Korean rice-cake for two main reasons; first, my father owns a Korean rice-cake company that was previously run by my grandfather and his father even before him. So this company has yet served three generations of my family. Secondly, I want to solve the mystery of its name that I am sure many would like me to do. Along the way, I shall tell you what it is, why it is popular among the Koreans and how to cook it. I shall also briefly discuss my future pl ans of making this dish a specialty of our company. Rice-cake is an umbrella term for a variety of foods made in rice that are given a compact form so that they look like a compact pastry. So it is basically a main course meal that looks like a piece of cake. It is not actually a cake! Rice-cake recipes are made from rice. Rice may be boiled or fried with vegetables. It is pretty much usual rice we eat but when the scattered rice are compacted, it does not only improve their texture but also enhances their aroma and taste. It makes the rice convenient to eat and elegant to present. Rice-cakes have a variety of benefits. They are energy boosters, low in calories, large in fiber content and great to the taste. Rice-cake is one of the very few things I can recall from the days of my earliest childhood. I was only three years old when my father established a small rice-cake company. He started the business from a little shop in the corner of the market that was visible from the window o f my room. Our apartment was just across the road. That shop paid my father off really good. Savings of the first month were ten times as much as what my father would save in a whole year before that. My father would often take me along while going to the shop. The aroma of fresh and tender rice still mesmerizes me. I was too little at that time, so my fatherââ¬â¢s friends and coworkers used to cuddle me. In their attempt to associate me with my fatherââ¬â¢s business, they would call me rice names. ââ¬Å"Rice cake, son of grains and Korean foodâ⬠were some of the names they would call me. It has always been an honor to be associated with rice since it has brought such a profitable business to my father. I am generally a reluctant eater, though saying ââ¬Å"noâ⬠to rice-cake is impossible. I have grown up with this food. If there is one thing I am made up of, its rice-cake. It looks good, tastes good, smells good, feels good, what else can one want in a meal? When I was only a hundred days old, my family arranged a party, called ââ¬ËDoljanchiââ¬â¢, for me. It is a traditional Korean celebration of a childââ¬â¢s hundredth day after birth. ââ¬Å"The number 100 has an inherent meaning of maturity and perfection, signifying a baby passes through perfection period safely as a human beingâ⬠(Life in Korea, n.d.). This day has special meaning in Korean culture, and some people believe that it is the time, God answers the parentsââ¬â¢ henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6901278949407223635.post-47010757898562545642019-11-16T15:17:00.001-08:002019-11-16T15:17:06.726-08:00Death of a Loved One Essay Example for Free Death of a Loved One Essay Devastating occurrences have the ability to completely alter the ways in which you live your life. When these certain situations occur, you have two choices: You can let them destroy you, or you can let them strengthen you. My outlook on life was completely changed when my kind hearted grandmother passed away when I was just a child. I was struck with the realization that life can be taken away in an instant and I need to cherish every moment I have left I this world. In early November of 2006, I was sitting in my choir class listening to my teacher describe the scene a horrific car accident she witnessed the day before. As she was explaining the details of the accident, I was feeling little pangs of sorrow for the victims who were unable to walk away injury free. As we carried on with our class, I couldnââ¬â¢t help but think about how miserable their family and friends must be feeling at that exact moment, they didnââ¬â¢t even see it coming. I soon shook the thoughts from my head and made my way to my next class. While walking down the hallway, I feel my newly purchased flip phone vibrate in my purse and the text I receive from my mother was rather unsettling: Honey, I have some bad news. à I reply back asking her what she was talking about, and although I was a little nervous, I didnââ¬â¢t try to dwell on it too much. I only assumed that she wasnââ¬â¢t going to buy me a new pair of Buckle jeans that I was eyeing at the time, so I swallowed my disappointment, and carried on with my morning. Thoughts of not owning those beautiful pair jean were going through my head as my phone vibrates with another text that made me stop dead in my tracks: Grandma was in an accident today. Sheââ¬â¢s in the hospital with severe injuries and they think she has brain damage. A wave of emotions washed over me and my mind couldnââ¬â¢t stop racing. I always heard about this sort of thing happening to people I didnââ¬â¢t know, people I didnââ¬â¢t care about. Never in a million years did I imagine that my own grandmother would be put in this situation. For once in my life, I was completely speechless. Over the next couple weeks, my grandmaââ¬â¢s progress was a roller coaster. Some days she was barely able to open her eyes and move her fingers, and other days she was motionless. One day the swelling in her brain would worsen and the next day it would decrease. There werenââ¬â¢t any clear answers explaining if she was going to be okay or not. We were all holding on dearly to a sense of hope that was keeping us together. Towards the last couple days of her life, my grandmaââ¬â¢s progress seemed to have gotten better. The swelling in her brain had decreased a great amount and I was told that it was very possible that she would be able to recover. A wave of a relief washed over me and the grasp I had on hope tightened. I truly believed that she would recover and we would have our caring, loving grandma with us again. The thoughts of her recovery were clogging my mind and I completely forgot that even though there was indeed the possibility of her recovery, the possibility of her death was still apparent. On November 28th, I was woken up by my mother and father informing me that my grandma had passed away that morning. Initially, I didnââ¬â¢t feel any sort of emotion. I was stuck in a daze that I couldnââ¬â¢t get out of. Part of me even believed that this was all a dream, and that I was going to wake up with her smiling face still in this world. Throughout the day, the numb feeling went away, and was replaced with sadness and sorrow. I replayed every memory I had with her in my head while hot, salty tears ran down my cheeks. In that moment, I would have given anything to have her alive and well, baking Christmas cookies with me like we did every year. She didnââ¬â¢t deserve to die and we didnââ¬â¢t deserve to feel this pain. Deep down I knew she was in a better place, a place where she wouldnââ¬â¢t have to feel the pain she felt in this world before she passed. This thought alone helped me and many others get over the fact that we lost our dear grandma. They always say that you need to live your life the fullest; you never know when your time is up. My grandma was the perfect example of a barely 60 year old woman whoââ¬â¢s last years of her life were cut short. She made sure that she lived every day to its full potential, and she cherished every moment. Ever since the morning that she died, I made a promise to myself to never let a day go by where I donââ¬â¢t appreciate and love the life I live. Although life is difficult, it is still so very beautiful. henriettami98http://www.blogger.com/profile/13830454135042148270noreply@blogger.com0